Hostname: page-component-848d4c4894-pftt2 Total loading time: 0 Render date: 2024-06-09T22:09:07.822Z Has data issue: false hasContentIssue false
  • English
  • Français

Comparative study of resistance to organophosphate and carbamate insecticides in four strains of the Culex pipiens L. complex (Diptera: Culicidae)

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  10 July 2009

Z. H. Tang  and
R. J. Wood
Z. H. Tang
Affiliation:
Department of Zoology, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
R. J. Wood
Affiliation:
Department of Zoology, University of Manchester, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK
Get access Rights & Permissions [Opens in a new window]

Abstract

Five strains of Culex pipiens L. (four resistant and one susceptible) were compared at the fourth larval instar for tolerance to organophosphate, carbamate and pyrethroid insecticides, with and without the addition of three synergists (piperonyl butoxide, triphenyl phosphate (TPP) and S, S, S-tributyl phosphorotrithiote (TBPT)). The DAR/D strain from Tanzania showed the highest levels and broadest range of resistance (temephos 37 ×, malathion 579×, propoxur 3032× and permethrin 100×). A strain from Rangoon and two from France (S54, BLEUET) showed lower resistance, restricted to organophosphates. Temephos and malathion resistance in the RANGOON strain was strongly inhibited by TBPT but not by TPP or piperonyl butoxide. Temephos and permethrin resistance in the DAR/D strain was slightly inhibited by TBPT and permethrin resistance by piperonyl butoxide. The DAR/D, RANGOON and CfCA (susceptible) strains were also compared for general esterase activity and phosphatase activity, both of which were higher in the resistant strains. It is concluded that resistance in RANGOON is associated with high production of an esterase sensitive to inhibition by TBPT but with little or no sensitivity to TPP, resembling but not identical in properties with the enzyme in strain S54 investigated earlier. Resistance in DAR/D was also associated with some increase in esterase activity, but the basis of resistance was different from that in S54 and RANGOON, having a much lower sensitivity to inhibition by TBPT.

Type
Original Articles
Information
Bulletin of Entomological Research , Volume 76 , Issue 3 , September 1986 , pp. 505 - 511
Copyright
Copyright © Cambridge University Press 1986

Access options

Get access to the full version of this content by using one of the access options below. (Log in options will check for institutional or personal access. Content may require purchase if you do not have access.)

References

Bessey, O. A., Lowry, D. H. & Brock, M. J. (1946). A method for the rapid determination of alkaline phosphatase with five cubic millimetres of serum.—J. biol. Chem. 164, 321–329.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Curtis, C. F. & Pasteur, N. (1981). Organophosphate resistance in vector populations of the complex of Culex pipiens L. (Diptera: Culicidae).—Bull. ent. Res. 71, 153–161.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Georghiou, G. P., Ariaratnam, V., Pasternak, M. E. & Lin, C. S. (1975). Organophosphorus multiresistance in Culex pipiens quinquefasciatus in California.—J. econ. Ent. 68, 461–467.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Georghiou, G. P. & Pasteur, N. (1978). Electrophoretic esterase patterns in insecticide-resistant and susceptible mosquitoes.—J. econ. Ent. 71, 201–205.CrossRefGoogle ScholarPubMed
Georghiou, G. P. & Pasteur, N. (1980). Organophosphate resistance and esterase pattern in a natural population of the southern house mosquito from California.—J. econ. Ent. 73, 489–492.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Huang, G., Chen, Q. Y., Tang, Z. H. & Chiang, C. L. (1982). Purification of carboxylesterase and enzymatic degradation of 14C-malathion in multi-organophosphate-resistant mosquito (Culex pipiens pallens Coq.) [in Chinese].—Zoological Research 3 Suppl., 229–236.Google Scholar
Jlang, J. L., Chen, Q. Y., Huang, G. & Zhang, Q. Z. (1980). On the properties of carboxylesterase in OP-resistant and susceptible mosquitoes, Culex pipiens pallens Coq. [in Chinese].—Contributions of the Shanghai Institute of Entomology 1, 69–76.Google Scholar
Litchfield, J. J. Jr & Wilcoxon, F. (1949). A simplified method of evaluating dose effect experiments.—J. Pharmac. exp. Ther. 96, 99–113.Google ScholarPubMed
Pasteur, N., Iseki, A. & Georghiou, G. P. (1981). Genetic and biochemical studies of the highly active esterases A′ and B associated with organophosphate resistance in mosquitoes of the Culex pipiens complex.—Biochem. Genet. 19, 909–919.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Ranasinghe, L. E. & Georghiou, G. P. (1979). Comparative modification of insecticide-resistance spectrum of Culex pipiens fatigans Wied. by selection with temephos and temephos/synergist combinations.—Pestic. Sci. 10, 502–508.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Raymond, M., Gaven, B., Pasteur, N. & Sinègre, G. (1985a). Étude de la résistance au chlorpyrifos à partir de quelques souches du moustique Culex pipiens L. du sud de la France.—Génétique, Sélection, Évolution 17, 73–87.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Raymond, M., Pasteur, N., Fournier, D., Cuany, A., Berge, J. & Magnin, M. (1985b). Le gène d'une acétylcholinestérase insensible au propoxur détermine la résistance de Culex pipiens L. à cet insecticide.—C. r. Acad. Sci. Paris (Ser. III) t 300 14, 509–510.Google Scholar
Shrivastava, S. P., Georghiou, G. P. & Fukuto, T. R. (1971). Metabolism of N-methylcarbamate insecticides by mosquito larval enzyme system requiring NADPH2.—Entomologia exp. appl. 14, 333–348.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Shrivastava, S. P., Georghiou, G. P., Metcalf, R. L. & Fukuto, T. R. (1970). Carbamate resistance in mosquitos: the metabolism of propoxur by susceptible and resistant larvae of Culex pipiens fatigans.—Bull. Wld Hlth Org. 42, 931–942.Google Scholar
Tang, Z. H., Huang, G. & Chen, Q. Y. (1980a). Studies on penetration and metabolism of 14C-malathion in susceptible and resistant Culex pipiens pallens Coq. [in Chinese].—Contributions of the Shanghai Institute of Entomology 1, 83–88.Google Scholar
Tang, Z. H., Zhang, Z. Y., Chen, W. M., Zhuang, P. J., Song, W. J. & Liu, W. D. (1980b). Studies on the resistance of dipterex-resistant mosquito Culex pipiens pallens Coquillett—the resistance spectrum of various compounds and joint action with dipterex [in Chinese].—Acta ent. sin. 23, 276–285.Google Scholar
Van Asperen, K. (1962). A study of housefly esterases by means of a sensitive colorimetric method.—J. Insect Physiol. 8, 401–416.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Villani, F., White, G. B., Curtis, C. F. & Miles, S. J. (1983). Inheritance and activity of some esterases associated with organophosphate resistance in mosquitoes of the complex of Culex pipiens L. (Diptera: Culicidae).—Bull. ent. Res. 73, 153–170.CrossRefGoogle Scholar
Wood, R. J., Pasteur, N. & Sinègre, G. (1984). Carbamate and organophosphate resistance in Culex pipiens L. (Diptera: Culicidae) in southern France and the significance of Est-3A.—Bull. ent. Res. 74, 677–687.CrossRefGoogle Scholar