Skip to main content Accessibility help
×
  • Cited by 48
Publisher:
Cambridge University Press
Online publication date:
February 2013
Print publication year:
2013
Online ISBN:
9780511980183

Book description

Bringing the advances of theoretical linguistics to the study of language change in a systematic way, this innovative textbook demonstrates the mutual relevance of historical linguistics and contemporary linguistics. Numerous case studies throughout the book show both that theoretical linguistics can be used to solve problems where traditional approaches to historical linguistics have failed to produce satisfying results, and that the results of historical research can have an impact on theory. The book first explains the nature of human language and the sources of language change in broad terms. It then focuses on different types of language change from contemporary viewpoints, before exploring comparative reconstruction - the most spectacular success of traditional historical linguistics - and the problems inherent in trying to devise new methods for linguistic comparison. Positioned at the cutting edge of the field, the book argues that this approach can and should lead to the re-integration of historical linguistics as one of the core areas in the study of language.

Reviews

‘Engaging, clear, modern, and intellectually honest … this book will inspire a new generation of work in historical linguistics.'

Philomen Probert - University of Oxford

‘… a thought-provoking and innovative introduction to historical linguistics, combining a masterful command of traditional methods and a wide familiarity with cutting-edge research in theoretical linguistics.'

Michael Weiss - Cornell University

Refine List

Actions for selected content:

Select all | Deselect all
  • View selected items
  • Export citations
  • Download PDF (zip)
  • Save to Kindle
  • Save to Dropbox
  • Save to Google Drive

Save Search

You can save your searches here and later view and run them again in "My saved searches".

Please provide a title, maximum of 40 characters.
×

Contents

References
Adams, Douglas Q. 1999. A dictionary of Tocharian B. Amsterdam: Rodopi.
Aissen, Judith. 1987. Tzotzil clause structure. Dordrecht: Reidel.
Alexandris, Alexis. 1999. “The Greek census of Anatolia and Thrace (1910–1912): a contribution to Ottoman historical demography.” In Gondicas and Issawi (eds.), pp. 45–76.
Allen, Cynthia. 2008. Genitives in early English: typology and evidence. Oxford University Press.
Allen, Shanley, and Crago, Martha. 1989. “Acquisition of noun incorporation in Inuktitut.” Papers and Reports on Child Language Development 28: 49–56.
Allen, W. Sidney. 1953. Phonetics in ancient India. Cambridge University Press.
Allen, W. Sidney 1978. Vox latina. 2nd edn. Cambridge University Press.
Allen, W. Sidney 1987. Vox graeca. 3rd edn. Cambridge University Press.
Anderson, Stephen. 1982. “Where's morphology?Linguistic Inquiry 13: 571–612.
Appel, René, and Muysken, Pieter. 1987. Language contact and bilingualism. London: Edward Arnold.
Aronoff, Mark. 1976. Word formation in generative grammar. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
Aronoff, Mark 1994. Morphology by itself: stems and inflectional classes. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
Babbitt, E. H. 1896. “The English of the lower classes in New York City and vicinity.” Dialect Notes 1: 457–64.
Bagemihl, Bruce. 1991. “Syllable structure in Bella Coola.” Linguistic Inquiry 22: 589–646.
Bagemihl, Bruce 1998. “Maximality in Bella Coola (Nuxalk).” In Ewa Czaykowska-Higgins and M. Dale Kincade (eds.), Salish languages and linguistics: theoretical and descriptive perspectives. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter, pp. 71–98.
Baker, Mark. 1985. “The Mirror Principle and morphosyntactic explanation.” Linguistic Inquiry 16: 373–416.
Baker, Mark 1988a. Incorporation: a theory of grammatical function changing. University of Chicago Press.
Baker, Mark 1988b. “Theta theory and the syntax of applicatives in Chichewa.” Natural Language and Linguistic Theory 6: 353–89.
Baranowski, Maciej. 2006. “Phonological variation and change in the dialect of Charleston, SC.” Dissertation, University of Pennsylvania.
Bauer, Brigitte. 2010. “Forerunners of Romance -mente adverbs in Latin prose and poetry.” In Dickey, Eleanor and Chahoud, Anna (eds.), Colloquial and literary Latin. Cambridge University Press, pp. 339–53.
Baylis, Jeffrey R. 1982. “Avian vocal mimicry: its function and evolution.” In Kroodsma, Miller, and Ouellet (eds.), vol. II, pp. 51–83.
Becker, Peter H. 1982. “The coding of species-specific characteristics in bird sounds.” In Kroodsma, Miller, and Ouellet (eds.), vol. I, pp. 213–52.
Bellugi, Ursula. 1988. “The acquisition of a spatial language.” In Frank S. Kessel (ed.), The development of language and language researchers: essays in honor of Roger Brown. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum, pp. 153–85.
Bennett, J. A. W., and Smithers, G. V.. 1968. Early Middle English verse and prose. 2nd edn. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
Bentley, Mayrene, and Kulemeka, Andrew. 2001. Chichewa. Munich: Lincom Europa.
Bertoncini, Josiane, and Mehler, Jacques. 1981. “Syllables as units in infant speech perception.” Infant Behavior and Development 4: 247–60.
Besch, Werner. 1967. Sprachlandschaften und Sprachausgleich im 15. Jahrhundert. Munich: Francke.
Bhatia, Tej K., and Ritchie, William C. 1999. “The bilingual child: some issues and perspectives.” In Ritchie and Bhatia (eds.), pp. 569–643.
Bickerton, Derek. 1977. “Pidginization and creolization: language acquisition and language universals.” In Albert Valdman (ed.), Pidgin and creole linguistics. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, pp. 49–69.
Bickerton, Derek 1981. Roots of language. Ann Arbor: Karoma.
Bickerton, Derek 1995. “Creoles and the bankruptcy of current acquisition theory.” In Wekker (ed.), pp. 33–43.
Biggs, Bruce. 1978. “The history of Polynesian phonology.” In Stephen Wurm and Carrington, Lois (eds.), Second International Conference on Austronesian Linguistics: Proceedings, Fascicle 2. Canberra: Australian National University, pp. 691–716.
Björkman, Erik. 1900–2. Scandinavian loan-words in Middle English. Halle: Niemeyer.
Blevins, Juliette. 1995. “The syllable in phonological theory.” In Goldsmith, John A. (ed.), The handbook of phonological theory. Oxford: Blackwell, pp. 206–44.
Blevins, Juliette 2003. “The independent nature of phonotactic constraints.” In Féry, Caroline and van de Vijver, Ruben (eds.), The syllable in optimality theory. Cambridge University Press, pp. 375–403.
Blevins, Juliette 2004. Evolutionary phonology. Cambridge University Press.
Blevins, Juliette, and Garrett, Andrew. 1998. “The origins of consonant–vowel metathesis.” Language 74: 508–56.
Blevins, Juliette, and Garrett, Andrew 2004. “The evolution of metathesis.” In Hayes, Bruce, Kirchner, Robert, and Steriade, Donca (eds.), Phonetically based phonology. Cambridge University Press, pp. 117–56.
Bloomfield, Leonard. 1925. “Notes on the Fox language.” International Journal of American Linguistics 3: 219–32.
Bloomfield, Leonard. 1933. Language. New York: Holt.
Bloomfield, Leonard. 1946. “Algonquian.” In Osgood, Cornelius (ed.), Linguistic structures of Native America. New York: Viking Fund, pp. 85–129.
Bloomfield, Leonard. 1962. The Menominee language. New Haven: Yale University Press.
Bloomfield, Leonard. 1975. Menomini lexicon. Milwaukee: Milwaukee Public Museum.
Blumstein, Sheila E., and Stevens, Kenneth N. 1979. “Acoustic invariance in speech production: evidence from measurements of the spectral characteristics of stop consonants.” Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 66: 1001–17.
Bobalijk, Jonathon D., and Thráinsson, Höskuldur. 1998. “Two heads aren't always better than one.” Syntax 1: 37–71.
Bouchard, Denis. 1982. “Les constructions relatives en français vernaculaire et en français standard: étude d'un paramètre.” In Lefebvre, Claire (ed.), La syntaxe comparée du français standard et populaire: approches formelle et fonctionelle, vol. I. Québec: Office de la Langue Française, pp. 103–33.
Brandl, Alois, and Zippel, O. 1949. Middle English literature. 2nd edn. New York: Chelsea.
Braune, Wilhelm, and Reiffenstein, Ingo. 2004. Althochdeutsche Grammatik. Vol. I, 15th edn. Tübingen: Niemeyer.
Breatnach, Liam. 1977. “The suffixed pronouns in Early Irish.” Celtica 12: 75–107.
Bresnan, Joan, and Mchombo, Sam A. 1987. “Topic, pronoun, and agreement in Chicheŵa.” Language 63: 741–82.
Browman, Catherine, and Goldstein, Louis. 1991. “Gestural structures: distinctiveness, phonological processes, and historical change.” In Mattingly, Ignatius G and Studdert-Kennedy, Michael (eds.), Modularity and the motor theory of speech perception. Hillside, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum, pp. 313–38.
Browman, Catherine, and Goldstein, Louis 1992. “Articulatory phonology: an overview.” Phonetica 49: 155–80.
Brunner, Karl. 1948. Abriß der mittelenglischen Grammatik. 2nd edn. Halle: Niemeyer.
Brunner, Karl 1965. Altenglische Grammatik. 3rd edn. Tübingen: Niemeyer.
Buck, Carl. 1928. A grammar of Oscan and Umbrian. 2nd edn. Boston: Ginn & Co.
Buck, Carl 1933. Comparative grammar of Greek and Latin. University of Chicago Press.
Buckley, Eugene. 2000. “On the naturalness of unnatural rules.” Proceedings from the Second Workshop on American Indigenous Languages, UCSB working papers in linguistics 9: 16–29.
Buckley, Eugene 2009. “Phonetics and phonology in Gallo-Romance palatalisation.” Transactions of the Philological Society 107: 31–65.
Buckley, Eugene, and Seidl, Amanda. 2005. “On the learning of arbitrary phonological rules.” Language Learning and Development 1: 289–316.
Bynon, Theodora. 1977. Historical linguistics. Cambridge University Press.
Callaghan, Catherine. 1979. “An ‘Indo-European’ type paradigm in Proto Eastern Miwok.” In Klar, Kathryn et al. (eds.), American Indian and Indoeuropean studies: papers in honor of Madison S. Beeler. The Hague: Mouton, pp. 31–41.
Callaghan, Catherine 1986. “A comment on ‘Protolinguistics’.” International Journal of American Linguistics 52: 186–8.
Callary, Robert E. 1975. “Phonological change and the development of an urban dialect in Illinois.” Language in Society 4: 155–69.
Campbell, Alistair. 1962. Old English grammar. Revised edn. Oxford University Press.
Campbell, Lyle. 1988. Review of Greenberg 1987. Language 64: 591–615.
Campbell, Lyle, and Harris, Alice C. 2002. “Syntactic reconstruction and demythologizing ‘Myths and the prehistories of grammars.’Journal of Linguistics 38: 599–618.
Campbell, Lyle, and Poser, William. 2008. Language classification: history and method. Cambridge University Press.
Carroll, John B., Davies, Peter, and Richman, Barry. 1971. The American Heritage word frequency book. Boston: Houghton Mifflin.
Carstairs, Andrew. 1987. Allomorphy in inflection. London: Croom Helm.
Chantraine, Pierre. 1925. “Les verbes grecs en *-θω.” In Mélanges linguistiques offerts à M. J. Vendryes. Paris: Champion, pp. 93–108.
Chantraine, Pierre 1927. L’histoire du parfait grec. Paris: Champion.
Chomsky, Noam. 1970. “Remarks on nominalization.” In Jacobs, Roderick and Rosenbaum, Peter (eds.), Readings in English transformational grammar. Waltham, MA: Ginn and Co., pp. 184–221.
Chomsky, Noam 1981. Lectures on government and binding. Dordrecht: Foris.
Christmann, Ernst. 1964. “Kleine Beiträge zur deutschen Wortkunde.” Zeitschrift für Mundartforschung 31: 187–98.
Clark, Cecily. 1958. The Peterborough Chronicle 1070–1154. Oxford University Press.
Clogg, Richard. 1999. “A millet within a millet: the Karamanlides.” In Gondicas and Issawi (eds.), pp. 115–42.
Coetsem, Frans van. 1988. Loan phonology and the two transfer types in language contact. Dordrecht: Foris.
Cook, Eung-Do. 1994. “Against moraic licensing in Bella Coola.” Linguistic Inquiry 25: 309–26.
Cook, V. J., and Newson, Mark. 1996. Chomsky's Universal Grammar: an introduction. 2nd edn. Oxford: Blackwell.
Corbett, Greville. 1991. Gender. Cambridge University Press.
Cowgill, Warren. 1965. “The Old English present indicative ending -e.” In Safarewicz, Jan (ed.), Symbolae linguisticae in honorem Georgii Kuryłowicz. Wrocław: Polska Akademia Nauk, pp. 44–50.
Cowgill, Warren 1975. “The origin of the Insular Celtic conjunct and absolute verbal inflexions.” In Rix, Helmut (ed.), Flexion und Wortbildung. Wiesbaden: Reichert, pp. 40–70.
Cowgill, Warren 1986. “Einleitung.” In Cowgill and Mayrhofer, pp. 9–71.
Cowgill, Warren 1987. “The distribution of infixed and suffixed pronouns in Old Irish.” Cambridge Medieval Celtic Studies 13: 1–5.
Cowgill, Warren, and Mayrhofer, Manfred. 1986. Indogermanische Grammatik, vol. I. Heidelberg: Winter.
Crisma, Paola, and Longobardi, Giuseppe (eds.). 2009. Historical syntax and linguistic theory. Oxford University Press.
Cutler, Anne, Mehler, Jacques, Norris, Dennis, and Segul, Juan. 1989. “Limits on bilingualism.” Nature 340: 229–30.
Dąbrowska, Ewa. 2001. “Learning a morphological system without a default: the Polish genitive.” Journal of Child Language 28: 545–74.
Dailey-O’Cain, Jennifer. 1997. “Canadian raising in a midwestern U.S. city.” Language Variation and Change 9: 107–20.
Daniloff, Raymond, Schuckers, Gordon, and Feth, Lawrence. 1980. The physiology of speech and hearing. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.
Dawkins, R. M. 1910. “Modern Greek in Asia Minor.” Journal of Hellenic Studies 30: 109–32, 267–91.
Dawkins, R. M. 1916. Modern Greek in Asia Minor. Cambridge University Press.
Delbrück, Berthold. 1888. Altindische Syntax. Halle: Verlag der Waisen Hauses.
Delbrück, Berthold 1893–1900. Vergleichende Syntax der indogermanischen Sprachen. Strassburg: Trübner.
De Simone, Carlo. 1980. “L’aspetto linguistico.” In Stibbe, Conrad, Colonna, Giovanni, de Simone, Carlo, and Versnel, H. S., Lapis Satricanus. The Hague: Staatsuitgeverij, pp. 71–94.
Devine, Andrew. 1970. The Latin thematic genitive singular. Stanford University Committee on Linguistics.
Dimmendaal, Gerrit. 2008. “Language ecology and linguistic diversity on the African continent.” Language and Linguistics Compass 2: 840–58.
Dorian, Nancy. 1981. Language death: the life cycle of a Scottish Gaelic dialect. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press.
Dresher, B. Elan. 1999. “Child phonology, learnability, and phonological theory.” In Ritchie and Bhatia (eds.), pp. 299–346.
Drosdowski, Günther (ed.). 1984. Duden Grammatik der deutschen Gegenwartssprache. 4th edn. Mannheim: Dudenverlag.
Eckert, Penelope. 1991. “Social polarization and the choice of linguistic variants.” In Eckert (ed.), pp. 213–32.
Eckert, Penelope (ed.). 1991. New ways of analyzing sound change. San Diego: Academic Press.
Eijk, Jan van. 1997. The Lillooet language. Vancouver: University of British Columbia Press.
Ekwall, Eilert. 1930. “How long did the Scandinavian language survive in England?” In Bøgholm, N., Brusendorff, Aage, and Bodelsen, C. A. (eds.), A grammatical miscellany offered to Otto Jespersen on his seventieth birthday. Copenhagen: Levin & Munksgaard, pp. 17–30.
Ekwall, Eilert 1936. “The Scandinavian settlement.” In Darby, H. C. (ed.), An historical geography of England before A. D. 1800. Cambridge University Press, pp. 133–64.
Ellegård, Alvar. 1953. The auxiliary do: the establishment and regulation of its use in English. Stockholm: Almqvist & Wiksell.
Embick, David. 1997. “Voice and the interfaces of syntax.” Dissertation, University of Pennsylvania.
Embick, David 2008. “Variation and morphosyntactic theory: competition fractionated.” Language and Linguistics Compass 2: 41–60.
Embick, David, and Halle, Morris. 2003. “Latin inflections.” Paper presented at Nijmegen, Nov. 21, 2003.
Embick, David, and Noyer, Rolf. 2007. “Distributed morphology and the syntax–morphology interface.” In Ramchand, Gillian and Reiss, Charles (eds.), The Oxford handbook of linguistic interfaces. Oxford University Press, pp. 289–324.
Embleton, Sheila. 1986. Statistics in historical linguistics. Bochum: Brockmeyer.
Enderlin, Fritz. 1913. Die Mundart von Kesswil im Oberthurgau. Frauenfeld: Huber.
Engel, Ralph, and Mary Allhiser de, Engel. 1987. Diccionario zoque de Francisco León. Mexico: Instituto Lingüístico de Verano.
Ernout, Thomas, and Meillet, Antoine. 1939. Dictionnaire étymologique de la langue latine. 4th edn. Paris: Klincksieck.
Eska, Joseph. 2003. “The distribution of the Old Irish personal object affixes and forward reconstruction.” In Jones-Bley, Karlene, Huld, Martin E., Volpe, Angela Della, and Dexter, Miriam Robbins (eds.), Proceedings of the Fourteenth Annual UCLA Indo-European Conference (Los Angeles, November 8–9, 2002). Washington, DC: Institute for the Study of Man, pp. 25–36.
Eska, Joseph 2009–10. “Where have all the object pronouns gone? The growth of object agreement in earlier Celtic.” Zeitschrift für celtische Philologie 57: 25–47.
Fantini, Alvino E. 1985. Language acquisition of a bilingual child: a sociolinguistic perspective (to age ten). San Diego: College-Hill Press.
Ferraresi, Gisella, and Goldbach, Maria (eds.). 2008. Principles of syntactic reconstruction. Amsterdam: Benjamins.
Filppula, Markku. 1999. The grammar of Irish English: language in Hibernian style. London: Routledge.
Fletcher, Richard. 1997. The barbarian conversion. New York: Holt.
Fortescue, Michael, and Olsen, Lise Lennert. 1992. “The acquisition of West Greenlandic.” In Slobin (ed.), pp. 111–219.
Fortson, Benjamin W. IV. 2009. Indo-European language and culture: an introduction. 2nd edn. Oxford: Blackwell.
Franck, Johannes. 1910. Mittelniederländische Grammatik. 2nd edn. Leipzig: Tauchnitz.
Friedrich, Paul. 1970. Proto-Indo-European trees. University of Chicago Press.
Friedrich, Paul 1975. Proto-Indo-European syntax: the order of meaningful elements. Butte, MT: Journal of Indo-European Studies.
Fromm, Hans, and Sadeniemi, Matti. 1956. Finnisches Elementarbuch. Vol. I: Grammatik. Heidelberg: Winter.
Gallée, Johan Hendrik. 1993. Altsächsische Grammatik. Halle: Niemeyer.
Gleitman, Lila. 1990. “The structural sources of verb meanings.” Language Acquisition 1: 3–55.
Goddard, Ives. 1974. “An outline of the historical phonology of Arapaho and Atsina.” International Journal of American Linguistics 40: 102–16.
Goddard, Ives 1975. “Algonquian, Wiyot, and Yurok: proving a distant genetic relationship.” In Kinkade, M. Dale, Hale, Kenneth, and Werner, Oswald (eds.), Linguistics and anthropology in honor of C. F. Voegelin. Lisse: Peter de Ridder, pp. 249–62.
Goddard, Ives 1988. “Stylistic dialects in Fox linguistic change.” In Fisiak, Jacek (ed.), Historical dialectology. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter, pp. 193–209.
Goddard, Ives 1994a. Leonard Bloomfield's Fox lexicon. Critical edition. Winnipeg: Algonquian and Iroquoian Linguistics. (= Memoir 12.)
Goddard, Ives 1994b. “The west-to-east cline in Algonquian dialectology.” In Cowan, William (ed.), Actes du Vingt-Cinquième Congrès des Algonquinistes. Ottawa: Carleton University, pp. 187–211.
Goddard, Ives 2007. “Phonetically unmotivated sound change.” In Nussbaum, Alan (ed.), Verba Docenti: Studies…presented to Jay H. Jasanoff. Ann Arbor: Beech Stave Press, pp. 115–30.
Goldsmith, John A. 1990. Autosegmental and metrical phonology. Oxford: Blackwell.
Gondicas, Dimitri, and Issawi, Charles (eds.). 1999. Ottoman Greeks in the age of nationalism. Princeton: Darwin Press.
Goossens, Jan. 1977. “De tweede nederlandse auslautverscherping.” Tijdschrift voor Nederlandse Taal- en Letterkunde 93: 3–23.
Gordon, Eric Valentine. 1957. Introduction to Old Norse. 2nd edn., revised by A. R. Taylor. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
Grant, Michael. 1990. The fall of the Roman empire. Revised edn. New York: Macmillan.
Greenberg, Joseph. 1963. The languages of Africa. IJAL Supplement 29(1), Part 2.
Greenberg, Joseph 1987. Language in the Americas. Stanford University Press.
Greenberg, Joseph 2000. Indo-European and its closest relatives: the Eurasiatic language family. Vol. I: Grammar. Stanford University Press.
Gress-Wright, Jonathan. 2010. “Opacity and transparency in phonological change.” Dissertation, University of Pennsylvania.
Griffith, Aaron. 2011. “Old Irish pronouns: agreement affixes vs. clitic arguments.” In Carnie, Andrew (ed.), Formal approaches to Celtic linguistics. Cambridge: Cambridge Scholars Press, pp. 65–93.
Grimm, Jakob, and Grimm, Wilhelm. 1860. Deutsches Wörterbuch. Berlin: Deutsche Akademie der Wissenschaften.
Gumperz, John J., and Wilson, Robert. 1971. “Convergence and creolization: a case from the Indo-Aryan/Dravidian border in India.” In Hymes, Dell (ed.), Pidginization and creolization of languages. Cambridge University Press, pp. 151–67.
Habick, Timothy. 1991. “Burnouts versus rednecks: effects of group membership on the phonemic system.” In Eckert (ed.), pp. 185–212.
Hackstein, Olav. 1995. Untersuchungen zu den sigmatischen Präsensstammbildungen des Tocharischen. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht.
Haeri, Niloofar. 1997. The sociolinguistic market of Cairo: gender, class, and education. London: Kegan Paul International.
Haiman, John. 1991. “From V/2 to subject clitics: evidence from Northern Italian.” In Traugott, Elizabeth Closs and Heine, Bernd (eds.), Approaches to grammaticalization. Vol. II: Focus on types of grammatical markers. Amsterdam: Benjamins, pp. 135–57.
Hakulinen, Lauri. 1961. The structure and development of the Finnish language. Tr. by John Atkinson. Bloomington: Indiana University.
Hale, Kenneth. 1973. “Deep-surface canonical disparities in relation to analysis and change: an Australian example.” In Sebeok, Thomas, Hoenigswald, Henry, and Longacre, Robert (eds.), Current trends in linguistics. Vol. 11: Diachronic, areal, and typological linguistics. The Hague: Mouton, pp. 401–58.
Hale, Mark. 1998. “Diachronic syntax.” Syntax 1: 1–18.
Hale, Mark 2007. Historical linguistics: theory and method. Oxford: Blackwell.
Hall, Nancy. 2006. “Cross-linguistic patterns of vowel intrusion.” Phonology 23: 387–429.
Halle, Morris. 1962. “Phonology in generative grammar.” Word 18: 54–72.
Halle, Morris 1973. “Prolegomena to a theory of word formation.” Linguistic Inquiry 4: 3–16.
Halle, Morris 1997. “Distributed morphology: impoverishment and fission.” MIT Working Papers in Linguistics 30: 425–49.
Hamp, Eric P. 1984. “Notes on the Early Irish suffixed pronouns.” Études celtiques 21: 139–40.
Harley, Heidi, and Noyer, Rolf. 1999. “State-of-the-article: Distributed Morphology.” Glot International 4/4: 3–9.
Harris, Alice C. 2008. “Reconstruction in syntax: reconstruction of patterns.” In Ferraresi and Goldbach (eds.), pp. 73–95.
Harris, Alice C., and Campell, Lyle. 1995. Historical syntax in cross-linguistic perspective. Cambridge University Press.
Haspelmath, Martin, et al. (eds.). 2005. The world atlas of language structures. Oxford: Oxford University Press. (Available online at .)
Helten, W. L. van. 1890. Altostfriesische Grammatik. Leeuwarden: Meijer.
Herold, Ruth. 1990. “Mechanisms of merger: the implementation and distribution of the low back merger in eastern Pennsylvania.” Dissertation, University of Pennsylvania.
Hinds, John. 1986. Japanese. London: Croom Helm.
Hock, Hans Henrich. 1991. Principles of historical linguistics. 2nd edn. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.
Hockett, Charles. 1981. “The phonological history of Menominee.” Anthropological Linguistics 23: 51–87.
Hoenigswald, Henry. 1960. Language change and linguistic reconstruction. University of Chicago Press.
Hoffmann, Karl, and Forssman, Bernhard. 2004. Avestische Laut- und Flexionslehre. 2nd edn. Innsbruck: Institut für Sprachwissenschaft der Universität.
Hohepa, Patrick. 1967. A profile generative grammar of Maori. Baltimore: Linguistic Society of America.
Honti, László. 1975. System der paradigmatischen Suffixmorpheme des wogulischen Dialektes an der Tawda. The Hague: Mouton.
Honti, László 1988. “Die ob-ugrischen Sprachen I: Die wogulische Sprache.” In Sinor, Denis (ed.), The Uralic languages. Leiden: Brill, pp. 147–71.
Householder, Fred, Kazazis, Kostas, and Koutsoudas, Andreas. 1964. Reference grammar of literary Dhimotiki. The Hague: Mouton.
Hyltenstam, Kenneth, & Obler, Loraine K (eds.). 1989. Bilingualism across the lifespan. Cambridge University Press.
Imedadze, Natela, and Tuite, Kevin. 1992. “The acquisition of Georgian.” In Slobin (ed.), pp. 39–109.
Jackendoff, Ray. 1975. “Morphological and semantic regularities in the lexicon.” Language 51: 639–71.
Jacobs, Neil G. 2005. Yiddish: a linguistic introduction. Cambridge University Press.
Janse, Mark. 2009. “Greek–Turkish language contact in Asia Minor.” Études helléniques / Hellenic Studies (Montréal) 17: 37–54.
Jasanoff, Jay. 1976. “Gr. ἄμφω, lat. ambō et le mot indo-européen pour ‘l'un et l'autre’.” Bulletin de la Société de Linguistique de Paris 71: 123–31.
Jasanoff, Jay 1987. “Some irregular imperatives in Tocharian.” In Watkins, Calvert (ed.), Studies in memory of Warren Cowgill. Berlin: de Gruyter, pp. 92–112.
Jasanoff, Jay 2009. “*-bhi, *-bhis, *-ōis: following the trail of the PIE instrumental plural.” In Rasmussen, Jens Elmegård and Olander, Thomas (eds.), Internal reconstruction in Indo-European. Copenhagen: Museum Tusculanum, pp. 137–49.
Jespersen, Otto. 1909. A Modern English grammar on historical principles. Part I: Sounds and spellings. Revised edn. London: Allen & Unwin.
Jespersen, Otto 1914. —. Part II: Syntax. Vol. I. Heidelberg: Winter.
Jespersen, Otto 1954. —. Part VI: Morphology. London: Allen & Unwin.
Johnson, Jacqueline S., and Newport, Elissa L. 1989. “Critical period effects in second language learning: the influence of maturational state on the acquisition of English as a second language.” Cognitive Psychology 21: 60–99.
Johnson, Keith. 2003. Acoustic and auditory phonetics. 2nd edn. Oxford: Blackwell.
Jonasson, Jan. 1972. “Perceptual factors in phonology.” In Rigault, André and Charbonneau, René (eds.), Proceedings of the Seventh International Congress of Phonetic Sciences. The Hague: Mouton, pp. 1127–30.
Jones, Charles (ed.). 1993. Historical linguistics: problems and perspectives. London: Longman.
Joseph, Brian D., and Janda, Richard D (eds.). 2003. The handbook of historical linguistics. Oxford: Blackwell.
Jutz, Leo. 1931. Die alemannischen Mundarten. Halle: Niemeyer.
Kálmán, Béla. 1964. Vogul chrestomathy. Bloomington: Indiana University.
Karatsareas, Petros. 2009. “The loss of grammatical gender in Cappadocian Greek.” Transactions of the Philological Society 107: 196–230.
Kari, James. 1976. Navajo verb prefix phonology. New York: Garland.
Kari, James, and Potter, Ben (eds.). 2010. The Dene–Yeniseian connection (= Anthro-pological Papers of the University of Alaska, New Series, vol. 5 [1–2].) Department of Anthropology, University of Alaska at Fairbanks.
Kayne, Richard S. 1991. “Romance clitics, verb movement and PRO.” Linguistic Inquiry 22: 647–86.
Kayne, Richard S 1994. The antisymmetry of syntax. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
Keenan, Edward L. 2003. “An historical explanation of some binding theoretic facts in English.” In Moore, John and Polinsky, Maria (eds.), The nature of explanation in linguistic theory. Stanford: CSLI, pp. 153–89.
Keller, Madeleine. 1985. “Latin escit, escunt a-t-il des correspondants?Revue de Philologie 59: 27–44.
Keller, Rudolf. 1961. German dialects. Manchester University Press.
Kenstowicz, Michael. 1994. Phonology in generative grammar. Oxford: Blackwell.
Kessler, Brett. 2001. The significance of word lists. Stanford: CSLI.
Kessler, Brett, and Lehtonen, Annukka. 2006. “Multilateral comparison and significance testing of the Indo-Uralic question.” In Forster, Peter and Renfrew, Colin (eds.), Phylogenetic methods and the prehistory of languages. Cambridge: McDonald Institute, pp. 33–42.
King, Andrew P., and West, Meredith J. 1977. “Species identification in the North American cowbird: appropriate responses to abnormal song.” Science 195: 1002–4.
King, Robert D. 1967. “Functional load and sound change.” Language 43: 831–52.
King, Ruth. 2000. The lexical basis of grammatical borrowing. Amsterdam: Benjamins.
Kiparsky, Paul. 1982a. Explanation in phonology. Dordrecht: Foris.
Kiparsky, Paul 1982b. “From cyclic phonology to lexical phonology.” In van der Hulst, Harry and Smith, Norval (eds.), The structure of phonological representations, vol. I. Dordrecht: Foris, pp. 131–75.
Kiparsky, Paul 1982c. “Productivity in phonology.” In Kiparsky 1982a, pp. 165–73.
Kiparsky, Valentin. 1979. Russian historical grammar. Revised edn., translated by J. I. Press. Ann Arbor: Ardis.
Klatt, Dennis H. 1989. “Review of selected models of speech perception.” In Marslen-Wilson, William (ed.), Lexical representation and process. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, pp. 169–226.
Kleiner, Yuri. 2006. Review of Jacobs 2005. Diachronica 23: 417–25.
Kluge, Friedrich. 1995. Etymologisches Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache. 23rd edn., revised by Elmar Seebold. Berlin: de Gruyter.
Kökeritz, Helge. 1953. Shakespeare's pronunciation. New Haven: Yale University Press.
König, Werner. 2001. dtv-Atlas Deutsche Sprache. 13th edn. Munich: Deutscher Taschenbuch Verlag.
Kranzmayer, Eberhard. 1956. Historische Lautgeographie des gesamtbairischen Dialekt-raumes. Vienna: Böhlau.
Krause, Wolfgang. 1971. Die Sprache der urnordischen Runeninschriften. Heidelberg: Winter.
Krauss, Michael. 1969. “On the classification [sic; read classifiers] in the Athapaskan, Eyak, and Tlingit verb.” Supplement to IJAL 35(4): 49–83.
Kroch, Anthony S. 1989. “Reflexes of grammar in patterns of language change.” Language Variation and Change 1: 199–244.
Kroch, Anthony S 1994. “Morphosyntactic variation.” In Beals, Katharine et al. (eds.), Papers from the 30th Regional Meeting of the Chicago Linguistic Society: Parasession on Variation and Linguistic Theory. Chicago Linguistic Society, pp.180–201.
Kroch, Anthony S 1996. “Dialect and style in the speech of upper class Philadelphia.” In Guy, Gregory et al. (eds.), Towards a social science of language. Vol. I: Variation and change in language and society. Amsterdam: Benjamins, pp. 23–45.
Kroch, Anthony S 2001. “Syntactic change.” In Baltin, Mark and Collins, Chris (eds.), The handbook of contemporary syntactic theory. Oxford: Blackwell, pp. 699–729.
Kroch, Anthony, Taylor, Ann, and Ringe, Don. 2000. “The Middle English verb-second constraint: a case study in language contact and language change.” In Herring, Susan, van Reenen, Pieter, and Schøsler, Lele (eds.), Textual parameters in older languages. Amsterdam: Benjamins, pp. 353–91.
Kroodsma, Donald E. 1977. “A re-evaluation of song development in the song sparrow.” Animal Behavior 25: 390–9.
Kroodsma, Donald E 1982. “Learning and the ontogeny of sound signals in birds.” In Kroodsma, Miller, and Ouellet (eds.), vol. II, pp. 1–23.
Kroodsma, Donald E., Miller, Edward H, and Ouellet, Henri (eds.). 1982. Acoustic communication in birds. New York: Academic Press.
Kümmel, Martin Joachim. 2007. Konsonantenwandel. Bausteine zu einer Typologie des Lautwandels und ihre Konsequenzen für vergleichende Rekonstruktion. Wiesbaden: Reichert.
Kuryłowicz, Jerzy. 1949. “La nature des procès dits ‘analogiques’.” Acta Linguistica Hafniensia 5: 15–37.
Laanest, Arvo. 1982. Einführung in die ostseefinnischen Sprachen. Translated by Hans-Hermann Bartens. Hamburg: Buske.
Labov, William. 1963. “The social motivation of a sound change.” Word 19: 273–309.
Labov, William 1966. The social stratification of English in New York City. Washington, DC: Center for Applied Linguistics.
Labov, William 1972. “Some principles of linguistic methodology.” Language in Society 1: 97–120.
Labov, William 1994. Principles of linguistic change. Vol. I: Internal factors. Oxford: Blackwell.
Labov, William 2001. Priniciples of linguistic change. Vol. II: Social factors. Oxford: Blackwell.
Labov, William 2007. “Transmission and diffusion.” Language 83: 344–87.
Labov, William, Ash, Sharon, and Boberg, Charles. 2006. Atlas of North American English. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.
Labov, William, Karen, Mark, and Miller, Corey. 1991. “Near-mergers and the suspension of phonemic contrast.” Language Variation and Change 3: 33–74.
Labov, William, Yaeger, Malcah, and Steiner, Richard. 1972. A quantitative study of sound change in progress. Philadelphia: National Science Foundation.
Ladefoged, Peter. 1962. Elements of acoustic phonetics. University of Chicago Press.
Ladefoged, Peter 1975. A course in phonetics. New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich.
Ladefoged, Peter, and Maddieson, Ian. 1996. The sounds of the world's languages. Oxford: Blackwell.
Landau, Barbara, and Gleitman, Lila. 1985. Language and experience: evidence from the blind child. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
Lanza, Elizabeth. 2000. “Concluding remarks: language contact – a dilemma for the bilingual child or for the linguist?” In Döpke, Susanne (ed.), Cross-linguistic structures in simultaneous bilingualism. Amsterdam: Benjamins, pp. 227–45.
Laughlin, Robert M. 1975. The great Tzotzil dictionary of San Lorenzo Zinacantán. Washington: Smithsonian Institution Press.
Leer, Jeff. 1990. “Tlingit: a portmanteau language family?” In Baldi, Philip (ed.), Linguistic change and reconstruction methodology. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter, pp. 73–98.
Leer, Jeff 2010. “The palatal series in Athabaskan-Eyak-Tlingit, with an overview of the basic sound correspondences.” In Kari and Potter (eds.), pp. 168–93.
Lefebvre, Claire. 1984. “Grammaires en contact: définition et perspectives de recherche.” Revue Québécoise de Linguistique 14: 11–47.
Lehmann, Winfred. 1974. Proto-Indo-European syntax. Austin: University of Texas Press.
Lenneberg, Eric H. 1967. Biological foundations of language. New York: Wiley & Sons.
Lennig, Matthew. 1978. “Acoustic measurement of linguistic change: the modern Paris vowel system.” Dissertation, University of Pennsylvania.
Lessen Kloeke, Wus van. 1982. Deutsche Phonologie und Morphologie: Merkmale und Markiertheit. Tübingen: Niemeyer.
Lessiak, Primus. 1933. Beiträge zur Geschichte des deutschen Konsonantismus. Brünn: Rohrer.
Liberman, Alvin M., and Mattingly, Ignatius G. 1985. “The motor theory of speech perception revised.” Cognition 21: 1–36.
Lightfoot, David W. 1999. The development of language: acquistion, change, and evolution. Oxford: Blackwell.
Longobardi, Giuseppe. 2001. “Formal syntax, diachronic minimalism, and etymology: the history of French chez.” Linguistic Inquiry 32: 275–302.
Longobardi, Giuseppe 2003. “Methods in parametric linguistics and cognitive history.” Language Variation Yearbook 3: 101–38.
Longobardi, Giuseppe, and Guardiano, Cristina. 2009. “Evidence for syntax as a signal of historical relatedness.” Lingua 119: 1679–1706.
Luick, Karl. 1914–40. Historische Grammatik der englischen Sprache. Vol. I. Leipzig: Tauchnitz.
Lust, Barbara. 1999. “Universal grammar: the strong continuity hypothesis in first language acquisition.” In Ritchie and Bhatia (eds.), pp. 111–55.
Maddieson, Ian. 1984. Patterns of sounds. Cambridge University Press.
Mallory, J. P., and Douglas, Q. Adams. 2006. The Oxford introduction to Proto-Indo-European and the Proto-Indo-European world. Oxford University Press.
Malmberg, Bertil. 1955. “The phonetic basis for syllable division.” Studia linguistica 9: 80–7.
Mańczak, Witold. 1958. “Tendences générales des changements analogiques.” Lingua 7: 298–325, 387–420.
Martinet, André. 1955. Économie des changements phonétiques. Bern: Francke.
Matisoff, James. 1990. “On megalocomparison.” Language 66: 106–20.
Matras, Yaron. 1998. “Utterance modifiers and universals of grammatical borrowing.” Linguistics 36: 281–331.
Mayrhofer, Manfred. 1986. “Lautlehre (segmentale Phonologie des Indogermanischen).” In Cowgill and Mayrhofer 1986, pp. 73–216.
McCarthy, John. 1988. “Feature geometry and dependency: a review.” Phonetica 43: 84–108.
McCone, Kim. 1985. “Varia II. 2. OIr. olc, luch- and IE *wkwos, *lúkwos ‘wolf’.”Ériu 36: 171–6.
McMahon, April. 2000. Change, chance, and optimality. Oxford University Press.
Meid, Wolfgang. 1967. Germanische Sprachwissenschaft. Vol. III: Wortbildungslehre. Berlin: de Gruyter.
Meisel, Jürgen M. 1989. “Early differentiation of languages in bilingual children.” In Hyltenstam and Obler (eds.), pp. 13–40.
Meiser, Gerhard. 1986. Lautgeschichte der umbrischen Sprache. Innsbruck: Institut für Sprachwissenschaft der Universität.
Melchert, H. Craig. 1994. Anatolian historical phonology. Amsterdam: Rodopi.
Melchert, H. Craig 1997. “Traces of a PIE aspectual contrast in Anatolian?Incontri Linguistici 20: 83–92.
Melchert, H. Craig, and Oettinger, Norbert. 2009. “Ablativ und Instrumental im Hethitischen und Indogermanischen.” Incontri Linguistici 32: 53–73.
Meyer-Lübke, Wilhelm. 1895. Grammaire des langues romanes. Vol. II: Morphologie. Translated by Auguste and Georges Doutrepont. Paris: Welter.
Meyer-Lübke, Wilhelm 1935. Romanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch. 3rd edn. Heidelberg: Winter.
Miller, D. Gary. 1975. “Indo-European: VSO, SOV, SVO or all three?Lingua 37: 31–52.
Miller, D. Gary 2010. Language change and linguistic theory. Oxford University Press.
Mills, Anne E. 1985. “The acquisition of German.” In Slobin (ed.), pp. 141–254.
Milroy, James, and Harris, John. 1980. “When is a merger not a merger? The MEAT/MATE problem in a present-day English vernacular.” English World Wide 1: 199–210.
Mitchell, Bruce. 1985. Old English syntax. Vol. I. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
Mithun, Marianne. 1989. “The acquisition of polysynthesis.” Journal of Child Language 16: 285–312.
Mondon, Jean-François. 2009. “The nature of homophony and its effects on diachrony and synchrony.” Dissertation, University of Pennsylvania.
Moore, Samuel. 1927. “Loss of final n in inflectional syllables of Middle English.” Language 3: 232–59.
Moore, Samuel 1957. Historical outlines of English sounds and inflections. 2nd edn., revised by Albert Marckwardt. Ann Arbor: Wahr.
Moore, Samuel, and Knott, Thomas A. 1955. The elements of Old English. Ann Arbor: Wahr.
Morse-Gagné, Elise E. 2003. “Viking pronouns in England: charting the course of THEY, THEIR, and THEM.” Dissertation, University of Pennsylvania.
Mossé, Fernand. 1952. A handbook of Middle English. Translated by James Walker. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.
Mundinger, Paul C. 1982. “Microgeographic and macrogeographic variation in the acquired vocalizations of birds.” In Kroodsma, Miller, and Ouellet (eds.), vol. II, pp. 147–208.
Munkácsi, Bernát, and Kálmán, Béla. 1986. Wogulisches Wörterbuch. Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó.
Murphy, Lawrence. 1968. “Sosva Vogul grammar.” Dissertation, Indiana University.
Nakhleh, Luay, Ringe, Don, and Warnow, Tandy. 2005a. “Perfect phylogenetic networks: a new methodology for reconstructing the evolutionary history of natural languages.” Language 81: 382–420.
Nakhleh, Luay, Warnow, Tandy, Ringe, Don, and Evans, Steven N. 2005b. “A comparison of phylogenetic reconstruction methods on an Indo-European dataset.” Transactions of the Philological Society 103: 171–92.
Nater, H. F. 1984. The Bella Coola language. Ottawa: National Museums of Canada.
Newton, Glenda. 2008. “Motivating the loss of V-to-C movement in Old Irish.” Paper presented at the Tenth Diachronic Generative Syntax Conference, Cornell University.
Ní Chasaide, Ailbhe. 1989. “Sonorization and spirantization: a single phonetic process?” In Szende, Tamás (ed.), Proceedings of the Speech Research ’89 International Conference. Budapest: Linguistics Institute of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences, pp. 108–11.
Nichols, Johanna. 1990. “Linguistic diversity and the first settlement of the New World.” Language 66: 475–521.
Nichols, Johanna 1996. “The comparative method as heuristic.” In Durie, Mark and Ross, Malcolm (eds.), The comparative method reviewed. Oxford University Press, pp. 39–71.
Nichols, Johanna 2010. “Proving Dene – Yeniseian genealogical relatedness.” In Kari and Potter (eds.), pp. 299–309.
Nichols, Johanna, and Warnow, Tandy. 2008. “Tutorial on computational linguistic phylogeny.” Language and Linguistic Compass 2: 760–820.
Noreen, Adolf. 1923. Altnordische Grammatik. Vol. I: Altisländische und altnorwegische Grammatik. 4th edn. Halle: Niemeyer.
Noyer, R. Rolf. 1997. Features, positions, and affixes in autonomous morphological structure. New York: Garland.
Nussbaum, Alan. 1975. “-ī- in Latin denominative derivation.” In Watkins, Calvert (ed.), Indo-European Studies II. Cambridge, MA: Harvard Department of Linguistics, pp. 116–61.
Odlin, Terence. 1997. “Bilingualism and substrate influence: a look at clefts and reflexives.” In Kallen, Jeffrey (ed.), Focus on Ireland. Amsterdam: Benjamins, pp. 35–50.
Ohala, John. 1981. “The listener as a source of sound change.” In Masek, Carrie, Hendrick, Roberta, and Miller, Mary Frances (eds.), Papers from the parasession on language and behavior. Chicago Linguistic Society, pp. 178–203.
Ohala, John 1993. “The phonetics of sound change.” In Jones (ed.), pp. 237–78.
Ohala, John 2003. “Phonetics and historical phonology.” In Joseph and Janda (eds.), pp. 669–86.
Osthoff, Hermann, and Brugmann, Karl. 1878. “Vorwort.” Morphologische Untersuch-ungen auf dem Gebiete der indogermanischen Sprachen 1: iii–xx.
Oswalt, Robert. 1970. “The detection of remote linguistic relationships.” Computer Studies in the Humanities and Verbal Behavior 3: 117–29.
Oswalt, Robert 1991. “A method for assessing distant linguistic relationships.” In Lamb, Sydney and Mitchell, E. Douglas (eds.), Sprung from some common source. Stanford University Press, pp. 389–404.
Paul, Hermann. 1960. Prinzipien der Sprachgeschichte. 6th edn., unaltered from the 5th edn. of 1920. Tübingen: Niemeyer.
Paul, Hermann, Moser, Hugo, and Schröbler, Ingeborg. 1969. Mittelhochdeutsche Grammatik. 24th edn. Halle: Niemeyer.
Perlmutter, David M. 1991. “The language of the deaf.” The New York Review, March 28, pp. 65–72.
Peters, F. E. 1970. The harvest of Hellenism. New York: Simon & Schuster.
Peters, Martin. 1991. “Ein tocharisches Auslautproblem.” Die Sprache 34: 242–4.
Pinker, Steven. 1989. Learnability and cognition: the acquisition of argument structure. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press.
Pinker, Steven 1994. The language instinct. New York: William Morrow.
Pinkster, Harm. 1990. Latin syntax and semantics. London: Routledge.
Pintzuk, Susan. 2003. “Variationist approaches to syntactic change.” In Joseph and Janda (eds.), pp. 509–28.
Pintzuk, Susan, and Kroch, Anthony S. 1989. “The rightward movement of complements and adjuncts in Old English.” Language Variation and Change 1: 115–43.
Poletto, Cecilia. 1995. “The diachronic development of subject clitics in North Eastern Italian dialects.” In Battye, Adrian and Roberts, Ian (eds.), Clause structure and language change. Oxford University Press, pp. 295–324.
Poplack, Shana, and Meechan, Marjory. 1995. “Patterns of language mixture: nominal structure in Wolof-French and Fongbe-French bilingual discourse.” In Milroy, Lesley and Muysken, Pieter (eds.), One speaker, two languages: cross-disciplinary perspectives on code-switching. Cambridge University Press, pp. 199–232.
Poplack, Shana, Wheeler, Susan, and Westwood, Anneli. 1989. “Distinguishing language contact phenomena: evidence from Finnish-English bilingualism.” In Hyltenstam and Obler (eds.), pp. 132–54.
Poser, William J. 1992. “The Salinan and Yurumanguí data in Language in the Americas.” International Journal of American Linguistics 58: 202–29.
Prince, Ellen F., and Pintzuk, Susan. 2000. “Bilingual code-switching and the open/closed class distinction.” University of Pennsylvania Working Papers in Linguistics 6(3): 237–57.
Quin, E. G. 1975. Old-Irish workbook. Dublin: Royal Irish Academy.
Ramsey, S. Robert. 1987. The languages of China. Princeton University Press.
Richards, Julian D. 2000. Viking age England. Revised edn. Stroud: Tempus.
Ridouane, Rachid. 2008. “Syllables without vowels: phonetic and phonological evidence from Tashlhiyt Berber.” Phonology 25: 321–59.
Ringe, Don. 1995. “Nominative–accusative syncretism and syntactic case.” University of Pennsylvania Working Papers in Linguistics 2: 45–81.
Ringe, Don 1996a. “The mathematics of ‘Amerind’.” Diachronica 13: 135–54.
Ringe, Don 1996b. On the chronology of sound changes in Tocharian. Vol. I. New Haven: American Oriental Society.
Ringe, Don 1999. “How hard is it to match CVC roots?Transactions of the Philological Society 97: 213–44.
Ringe, Don 2002. Review of Greenberg 2000. Journal of Linguistics 38: 415–20.
Ringe, Don 2006. From Proto-Indo-European to Proto-Germanic. Vol. I of A linguistic history of English. Oxford University Press.
Ringe, Don, Warnow, Tandy, and Taylor, Ann. 2002. “Indo-European and computational cladistics.” Transactions of the Philological Society 100: 59–129.
Risch, Ernst. 1974. Wortbildung der homerischen Sprache. 2nd edn. Berlin: de Gruyter.
Ritchie, William C., and Bhatia, Tej K (eds.). 1996. Handbook of second language acquisition. San Diego: Academic Press.
Ritchie, William C 1999. Handbook of child language acquisition. San Diego: Academic Press.
Rix, Helmut. 1992. “Zur Entstehung des lateinischen Perfektparadigmas.” In Panagl, Oswald and Krisch, Thomas (eds.), Latein und Indogermanisch. Innsbruck: Institut für Sprachwissenschaft der Universität, pp. 221–40.
Rizzi, Luigi. 1997. “The fine structure of the left periphery.” In Haegeman, Liliane (ed.), Elements of grammar: handbook in generative syntax. Dordrecht: Kluwer, pp. 281–337.
Roberts, Ian. 2007. Diachronic syntax. Oxford University Press.
Roeper, Thomas. 1995. “Comments on Bickerton's paper.” In Wekker (ed.), pp. 45–9.
Ross, Malcolm. 1997. “Social networks and kinds of speech-community event.” In Blench, Roger and Spriggs, Matthew (eds.), Archaeology and language. Vol. I: Theoretical and methodological orientations. London: Routledge, pp. 209–61.
Ross, Malcolm 1998. “Sequencing and dating linguistic events in Oceania: the linguistics / archaeology interface.” In Blench, Roger and Spriggs, Matthew (eds.), Archaeology and language. Vol. II: Archaeological data and linguistic hypotheses. London: Routledge, pp. 141–73.
Sammallahti, Pekka. 1988. “Historical phonology of the Uralic languages.” In Sinor, Denis (ed.), The Uralic languages. Leiden: Brill, pp. 478–554.
Sands, Bonny. 2009a. “Africa's linguistic diversity.” Language and Linguistics Compass 3: 559–80.
Sands, Bonny 2009b. “Teaching and learning guide for: Africa's linguistic diversity.” Language and Linguistics Compass 3: 1357–65.
Sankoff, Gillian. 2002. “Linguistic outcomes of language contact.” In Chambers, J. K., Trudgill, Peter, and Schilling-Estes, Natalie (eds.), The handbook of language variation and change. Oxford: Blackwell, pp. 638–68.
Santorini, Beatrice. 1993. “The rate of phrase structure change in the history of Yiddish.” Language Variation and Change 5: 257–83.
Schachter, Jacquelyn. 1996. “Maturation and the issue of universal grammar in second language acquisition.” In Ritchie and Bhatia (eds.), pp. 159–93.
Schein, Barry, and Steriade, Donca. 1986. “On geminates.” Linguistic Inquiry 17: 691–744.
Schrijver, Peter. 1994. “The Celtic adverbs for ‘against’ and ‘with’ and the early apocope of *-i.” Ériu 45: 151–89.
Schumacher, Stefan. 2004. Die keltischen Primärverben: ein vergleichendes, etymologisches und morphologisches Lexikon. Innsbruck: Institut für Sprachwissenschaft der Universität.
Seebold, Elmar. 1966. “Die ae. schwundstufigen Präsentien (Aoristpräsentien) der ei-Reihe.” Anglia 84: 1–26.
Seebold, Elmar 1970. Vergleichendes und etymologisches Wörterbuch der germanischen starken Verben. The Hague: Mouton.
Seidenberg, M., and Petitto, Laura. 1979. “Signing behavior in apes: a critical review.” Cognition 7: 177–215.
Siddiqi, Daniel. 2009. Syntax within the word. Amsterdam: Benjamins.
Siebert, Frank. 1967. “The original home of the Proto-Algonquian people.” In Contributions to Anthropology: Linguistics I (Algonquian). Ottawa: National Museum of Canada, pp. 13–47.
Sihler, Andrew. 1995. New comparative grammar of Greek and Latin. Oxford University Press.
Sims-Williams, Patrick. 1984. “The double system of verbal inflexion in Old Irish.” Transactions of the Philological Society 82: 138–201.
Singleton, Jenny L., and Newport, Elissa L. 2004. “When learners surpass their models: the acquisition of American Sign Language from inconsistent input.” Cognitive Psychology 49: 370–407.
Slobin, Dan Isaac (ed.). 1985. The crosslinguistic study of language acquisition. Vol. I: The data. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
Slobin, Dan Isaac(ed.). 1992. The crosslinguistic study of language acquisition. Vol. III. Hillsdale, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
Smyth, Herbert Weir. 1956. Greek grammar. Revised edn. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
Sommer, Ferdinand. 1948. Handbuch der lateinischen Laut- und Formenlehre. 2nd and 3rd edns. Heidelberg: Winter.
Sommerstein, Alan. 1973. The sound pattern of Ancient Greek (= Publications of the Philological Society 23). Oxford: Blackwell.
Spencer, Andrew. 1991. Morphological theory. Oxford: Blackwell.
Speyer, Augustin. 2008. “Topicalization and clash avoidance: on the interaction of prosody and syntax in English with a few spotlights on German.” Dissertation, University of Pennsylvania.
Steinitz, Wolfgang. 1955. Geschichte des wogulischen Vokalismus. Berlin: Akademie-Verlag.
Steriade, Donca. 1982. “Greek prosodies and the nature of syllabification.” Dissertation, MIT.
Stetson, R. H. 1951. Motor phonetics. Amsterdam: North-Holland.
Stiles, Patrick. 1985. “The fate of the numeral ‘4’ in Germanic (1).” North-Western European Language Evolution 6: 81–104.
Stockall, Linnaea, and Marantz, Alec. 2006. “A single route, full decomposition model of morphological complexity.” The Mental Lexicon 1: 85–123.
Streitberg, Wilhelm. 1920. Gotisches Elementarbuch. Heidelberg: Winter.
Studdert-Kennedy, Michael, and Goldstein, Louis. 2003. “Launching language: the gestural origin of discrete infinity.” In Christiansen, Morten and Kirby, Simon (eds.), Language evolution. Oxford University Press, pp. 235–54.
Sturtevant, Edgar. 1940. The pronunciation of Greek and Latin. Philadelphia: Linguistic Society of America.
Surendran, Dinoj, and Niyogi, Partha. 2006. “Quantifying the functional load of phonemic oppositions, distinctive features, and suprasegmentals.” In Nedergaard Thomsen, Ole (ed.), Competing models of linguistic change: evolution and beyond. Amsterdam: Benjamins, pp. 43–58.
Taylor, Ann. 1994. “The change from SOV to SVO in Ancient Greek.” Language Variation and Change 6: 1–37.
Taylor, Ann 1996. “A prosodic account of clitic position in Ancient Greek.” In Halpern, Aaron L. and Zwicky, Arnold M. (eds.), Approaching second. Stanford: Center for the Study of Language and Information, pp. 477–503.
Terrace, Herbert S., Petitto, Laura A, Sanders, R. J, and Bever, Thomas G. 1980. “On the grammatical capacity of apes.” In Nelson, Keith E. (ed.), Children's language, vol. II. New York: Gardner, pp. 371–495.
Thomas, Alan R. 1997. “The Welshness of Welsh English: a survey paper.” In Tristram, Hildegard L. C. (ed.), The Celtic Englishes. Heidelberg: Winter, pp. 55–85.
Thomason, Sarah Grey, and Kaufman, Terrence. 1988. Language contact, creolization, and genetic linguistics. Berkeley: University of California Press.
Þórhallsdóttir, Guðrún. 1993. “The development of intervocalic *j in Proto-Germanic.” Dissertation, Cornell University.
Threatte, Leslie. 1996. The grammar of Attic inscriptions. Vol. II: Morphology. Berlin: de Gruyter.
Thurneysen, Rudolf. 1946. A grammar of Old Irish. Revised and translated by D. A. Binchy and Osborn Bergin. Dublin: Institute for Advanced Studies.
Trager, George L. 1930. “The pronunciation of ‘short a’ in American Standard English.” American Speech 5: 396–400.
Trager, George L 1940. “One phonemic entity becomes two: the case of ‘short a’.” American Speech 15: 255–8.
Trask, R. Lawrence. 1997. The history of Basque. London: Routledge.
Trudgill, Peter. 1983. On dialect: social and geographical perspectives. New York University Press.
Vaan, Michiel de. 2008. Etymological dictionary of Latin and the other Italic languages. Leiden: Brill.
Vajda, Edward. 2010. “A Siberian link with Na-Dene languages.” In Kari and Potter (eds.), pp. 33–99.
Veselinović, Elvira. 2003. Suppletion im irischen Verb. Hamburg: Dr. Kovač.
Villar, Francisco. 1997. “The Celtiberian language.” Zeitschrift für celtische Philologie 49–50: 898–949.
Wackernagel, Jacob. 1920. Vorlesungen über Syntax, mit besonderer Berücksichtigung von Griechisch, Lateinisch und Deutsch. Basel: E. Birkhäuser.
Walde, Alois, and Hofmann, J. B. 1938. Lateinisches etymologisches Wörterbuch. 3rd edn. Heidelberg: Winter.
Wang, William S.-Y., and Lien, Chinfa. 1993. “Bidirectional diffusion in sound change.” In Jones, (ed.), pp. 345–400.
Wanner, Georg. 1941. Die Mundarten des Kantons Schaffhausen. Frauenfeld: Huber.
Wanner, Hans, et al. 1973. Schweizerisches Idiotikon: Wörterbuch der schweizer-deutschen Sprache. Vol. XIII. Frauenfeld: Huber.
Warner, Anthony. 1997. “The structure of parametric change and V-movement in the history of English.” In van Kemenade, Ans and Vincent, Nigel (eds.), Parameters of morphosyntactic change. Cambridge University Press, pp. 380–93.
Warner, Anthony 2006. “Variation and the interpretation of change in periphrastic do.” In van Kemenade, Ans and Los, Bettelou (eds.), The handbook of the history of English. Oxford: Blackwell, pp. 45–67.
Watkins, Calvert. 1963. “Preliminaries to a historical and comparative analysis of the syntax of the Old Irish verb.” Celtica 6: 1–49.
Watkins, Calvert 1976. “Towards Proto-Indo-European syntax.” In Steever, Sanford B., Walker, Carol A., and Mufwene, Salikoko S. (eds.), Papers from the Parasession on Diachronic Syntax. Chicago Linguistic Society, pp. 305–26.
Wegener, Heide. 1999. “Die Pluralbilding im Deutschen: ein Versuch im Rahmen der Optimalitätstheorie.” Linguistik online 4(3). (Accessible at .)
Weinreich, Uriel, Labov, William, and Herzog, Marvin. 1968. “A theory of language change.” In Lehmann, Winfred and Malkiel, Yakov (eds.), Directions for historical linguistics. Austin, TX: University of Texas Press, pp. 97–195.
Wekker, Herman (ed.). 1995. Creole languages and language acquisition. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter.
Wełna, Jerzy. 1980. “On gender change in linguistic borrowing (Old English).” In Fisiak, Jacek (ed.), Historical morphology. The Hague: Mouton, pp. 399–420.
Wexler, Kenneth. 1999. “Maturation and growth of grammar.” In Ritchie and Bhatia (eds.), pp. 55–109.
Williams, Edwin. 1981. “On the notions ‘lexically related’ and ‘head of a word’.” Linguistic Inquiry 12: 245–74.
Wonderly, William L. 1946. “Phonemic acculturation in Zoque.” International Journal of American linguistics 12: 92–5.
Wright, Joseph. 1907. Historical German grammar. Vol. I. Oxford University Press.
Wright, Joseph 1910. Grammar of the Gothic language. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
Xu, Fei, and Pinker, Steven. 1995. “Weird past tense forms.” Journal of Child Language 22: 531–56.
Yang, Charles. 2002. Knowledge and learning in natural language. Oxford University Press.
Yang, Charles 2006. The infinite gift. New York: Scribner.
Zerdin, Jason. 2000. “Studies in the Ancient Greek verbs in -skō.” Dissertation, University of Oxford.
Zribi-Hertz, Anne. 1984. “Prépositions orphelines et pronoms nuls.” Recherches linguistiques 12: 46–91.

Metrics

Altmetric attention score

Full text views

Total number of HTML views: 0
Total number of PDF views: 0 *
Loading metrics...

Book summary page views

Total views: 0 *
Loading metrics...

* Views captured on Cambridge Core between #date#. This data will be updated every 24 hours.

Usage data cannot currently be displayed.