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Deciduous dentition and dental eruption sequence in Interatheriinae (Notoungulata, Interatheriidae): implications in the systematics of the group

Published online by Cambridge University Press:  29 March 2021

Mercedes Fernández Open the ORCID record for Mercedes Fernández [Opens in a new window] ,
Juan C. Fernicola  and
Esperanza Cerdeño
Mercedes Fernández
Affiliation:
Laboratorio de Paleontología de Vertebrados, Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Nacional de Luján, Ruta 5 y Avenida Constitución, 6700, Luján, Buenos Aires, Argentina , División Paleontología de Vertebrados, Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales “Bernardino Rivadavia,” Avenida Ángel Gallardo 470, C1405DJR, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina , CONICET. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
Juan C. Fernicola
Affiliation:
Laboratorio de Paleontología de Vertebrados, Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Nacional de Luján, Ruta 5 y Avenida Constitución, 6700, Luján, Buenos Aires, Argentina , División Paleontología de Vertebrados, Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales “Bernardino Rivadavia,” Avenida Ángel Gallardo 470, C1405DJR, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina , CONICET. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas
Esperanza Cerdeño
Affiliation:
CONICET. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas Paleobiología y Paleoecología, Instituto de Nivología, Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales; Centro Científico Tecnológico-CONICET-Mendoza. Avenida Ruiz Leal s/n, M5500, Mendoza, Argentina
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Abstract

Studies focused on deciduous dentition, ontogenetic series, and tooth eruption and replacement patterns in fossil mammals have lately increased due to the recognized taxonomic and phylogenetic weight of these aspects. A study of the deciduous and permanent dentition of Interatherium and Protypotherium (Interatheriinae) is presented, based mainly on unpublished materials. Deciduous cheek teeth are brachydont and placed covering the apex of the respective permanent tooth; in addition, some morphological and metrical differences are observed along the crown height. Five dental ontogenetic stages are distinguished among the juvenile specimens on the basis of the degree of wear, the replacement of the deciduous premolars, and the eruption of the molars. The crown height and the wear degree of different Interatheriinae taxa show: (1) eruption pattern of molars in an anterior–posterior direction (M/m1 to M/m3); (2) pattern of replacement of deciduous premolars and eruption of permanent premolars in a posterior–anterior direction (dP/dp4 to dP/dp2 and P/p4 to P/p2); and (3) eruption of M/m3 before the replacement of dP/dp4. Results allow evaluating the diagnostic dental characteristics used to describe some interatheriines, as well as reinterpreting some taxonomic assumptions: the holotype of Protypotherium diversidens Ameghino, 1891 is recognized as a juvenile of another species of the genus, and the species is not validated, considering it as Protypotherium sp.; the holotype of Eudiastatus lingulatus Ameghino, 1891 falls in the variability of Protypotherium, becoming P. lingulatus new combination, tentatively maintaining the species and implying the synonymy between Eudiastatus and Protypotherium; and the holotype of Eopachyrucos ranchoverdensis Reguero, Ubilla, and Perea, 2003 is reinterpreted as bearing deciduous premolars.

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Journal of Paleontology , Volume 95 , Issue 4 , July 2021 , pp. 861 - 885
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Copyright © The Author(s), 2021. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of The Paleontological Society

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