Basic and Translational ScienceTOP2A, HELLS, ATAD2, and TET3 Are Novel Prognostic Markers in Renal Cell Carcinoma
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Patient Tissue
Primary RCC tumors and metastases samples were obtained from clear cell RCC patients undergoing partial or radical resection of RCC at 1 of 2 clinical centers in Germany. Microarray data were generated from a total of 74 samples, that is, 14 normal tissues from tumor-bearing kidneys, 28 primary tumors, and 32 metastases (different sites including lymph node, adrenal gland, lung, and liver). An independent set of 74 samples, that is, 19 normal tissues from tumor-bearing kidneys and 55 primary
Genes Increasingly Expressed During Tumor Formation and Metastasis
Among the 7093 most variably expressed transcripts on the microarray, 3152 showed a more than 2-fold higherexpression in primary tumors when compared with normal kidney tissues (P < .05), whereas 4000 exhibited a more than 2-fold higher expression in metastases in comparison with primary tumors (P < .05; Fig. 1A). The overlapping list of 59 probe sets was used to establish a heat map of gene expression for the 3 tissue types analyzed (Fig. 1B, Supplementary Table S2). This gene set was highly
Discussion
During the last decade, gene expression analysis has become a widely used tool in oncological research. Various strategies have been used to identify prognostic markers based on gene expression profiles from tumor tissue samples. One approach is to analyze known gene networks and pathways that are important for survival and progression of tumor cells. In a previous study, we showed that epithelial mesenchymal transition plays an important role in RCC biology, and that epithelial mesenchymal
Conclusion
TOP2A, HELLS, ATAD2, and TET3 are novel prognostic markers for poor outcome in RCC patients that might help optimize the individual therapeutic and follow-up strategy of RCC patients based on their risk stratification. Further studies are needed to validate these findings and to explore if these genes could be used as therapeutic targets in the future.
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2022, Molecular CellCitation Excerpt :With these criteria, we were able to narrow down the list to the following 7 genes: TET3, KDM4B, JMJD4, JMJD6, P4HB, PLOD2, and PLOD3 (Figures S1D and S1E). Among them, TET3 (Chen et al., 2017), P4HB (Xie et al., 2020b; Zhu et al., 2019), PLOD2 (Xu et al., 2020), and PLOD3 (Xie et al., 2020a) have been reported to be prognostic markers or oncogenes in ccRCC. Next, we examined the effect of individual siRNA in the screening pool.
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Financial Disclosure: The authors declare that they have no relevant financial interests.
Funding Support: The study was supported by grants from Deutsche Krebshilfe (German Cancer Aid, grant number 106141) and from Chinese Scholarship Council (CSC, grant number 2011627052).