Elsevier

Transplantation Proceedings

Volume 41, Issue 9, November 2009, Pages 3611-3616
Transplantation Proceedings

Ischemia/reperfusion injury
Experimental: Intestinal
Curcumin Nutrition for the Prevention of Mesenteric Ischemia–Reperfusion Injury: An Experimental Rodent Model

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.transproceed.2009.08.002Get rights and content

Abstract

Background

Curcumin is an anti-oxidant molecule known to be a potent inhibitor of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB). It has been shown to attenuate ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury in several organ systems. In this study, we sought to investigate the effects of curcumin on the prevention of superior mesenteric artery I/R injury in rats.

Methods

Wistar albino rats were randomly allocated to 3 groups: group I, sham operated (n = 10); group II, I/R injury only (n = 10); group III, curcumin-treated I/R cohort (n = 10). Group I animals underwent laparotomy without I/R injury. After group II animals underwent laparotomy, 60 minutes of superior mesenteric artery ligation were followed by 3 hours of reperfusion. In the curcumin group, 15 days before I/R, curcumin (40 mg/kg) was administered by gastric gavage. All animals were sacrificed at the end of reperfusion. Intestinal tissue samples were obtained to investigate intestinal mucosal injury; in addition we estimated levels of myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO), glutathione (GSH), interleukin (IL)-6, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α.

Results

There were statistically significant decreases in GSH levels, along with an increase in intestinal mucosal injury scores, MPO activity, MDA levels, NO, IL-6, and TNF-α in group I when compared with groups II and III (P = .01). Curcumin treatment in group III produced a significant increase in GSH levels, as well as a decrease in intestinal mucosal injury scores, MPO activity, MDA, and NO levels when compared with group II (P < .05).

Conclusion

This study showed that curcumin treatment significantly attenuated reperfusion injury in a superior mesenteric artery I/R model in rats.

Section snippets

Experimental Design

Adult male Wistar albino rats weighing between 170 and 230 g were obtained from the Istanbul University DETAM Institute and kept at room temperature (20–22°C) with exposure to 12 hour cycles of light/dark. The rats were fed standard how and tap water. Ethical consent was obtained from our Ethics Committee and procedures conducted in accordance with the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals by the National Institutes of Health (NIH publication no. 85-23, revised 1996).

Thirty rats were

Results

The changes in hemoglobin and hematocrit after I/R injury did not show any significant differences among the 3 groups. Furthermore, there were no significant intergroup differences in other biochemical parameters such as aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), lactate, blood urine nitrogen, and creatinine.

MPO values were 1,150 ± 0.27 in group I; 1,500 ± 0.35 in group II and 1,300 ± 0.30 in group III (Fig 1). The differences between the

Discussion

Hypoxia and reoxygenation are generally considered to be the main factors leading to tissue damage during I/R injury. Many studies have demonstrated that the major component of the adverse reaction is not initiated by hypoxia but, rather, by the return of the oxygenated blood to previously ischemic tissue.10, 11 Several endogenous substances, including oxygen free radicals, platelet activating factor, arachidonic acid metabolites, and bacterial endotoxins have been implicated in the

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