Elsevier

Materials Today Bio

Volume 13, January 2022, 100208
Materials Today Bio

Towards principled design of cancer nanomedicine to accelerate clinical translation

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mtbio.2022.100208Get rights and content
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Abstract

Nanotechnology in medical applications, especially in oncology as drug delivery systems, has recently shown promising results. However, although these advances have been promising in the pre-clinical stages, the clinical translation of this technology is challenging. To create drug delivery systems with increased treatment efficacy for clinical translation, the physicochemical characteristics of nanoparticles such as size, shape, elasticity (flexibility/rigidity), surface chemistry, and surface charge can be specified to optimize efficiency for a given application. Consequently, interdisciplinary researchers have focused on producing biocompatible materials, production technologies, or new formulations for efficient loading, and high stability. The effects of design parameters can be studied in vitro, in vivo, or using computational models, with the goal of understanding how they affect nanoparticle biophysics and their interactions with cells. The present review summarizes the advances and technologies in the production and design of cancer nanomedicines to achieve clinical translation and commercialization. We also highlight existing challenges and opportunities in the field.

Keywords

Tumor microenvironment
Nanomedicine
Drug delivery
Nanoparticle design
Drug loading
Clinical translation

Abbreviations

EPR
Permeability and retention
MDR
Multidrug resistance
TME
Tumor microenvironment
IFP
Interstitial fluid pressure
ECM
Extracellular matrix
TAF
Tumor-associated fibroblast
TAM
Tumor-associated macrophage
MPS
Mononuclear phagocyte system
RBC
Red blood cell
CFL
Cell-free layer
MMPs
Matrix metalloproteinases
TIMPs
Tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases
DPD
Dissipative particle dynamic
CGMD
Coarse-grained molecular dynamic
MD
Molecular dynamic
MTA
Multi-tadpole assemblies
MEC
Minimum effective concentration
MTC
Minimum toxic concentration

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