Does the venous pressure theory of multiple sclerosis pathophysiology deserve a second chance?
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We thank Drs Beggs and Zamboni for their thoughtful comments regarding our most recent paper as published in MSARD (Bateman et al., 2021). We would like to respond to several of their points. We agree that the theory that venous pressure is related to the underlying pathophysiology of multiple sclerosis (MS), has had a checkered history. Unfortunately, the original paper where the venous theory was first put forward (Zamboni et al., 2009) was rapidly followed by an attempt to bring about a
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