Dental implantAnatomical and Surgical Findings and Complications in 100 Consecutive Maxillary Sinus Floor Elevation Procedures
Section snippets
Patients and Methods
For this prospective study, 100 consecutive patients scheduled for maxillary sinus floor elevation were included. The patients consisted of 36 men (36%) and 64 women (64%), with a mean age of 50 years (range, 17 to 73 years). In 18 patients, a bilateral procedure was performed. All sinus floor elevations were performed by the same surgeon.
Only the first unilateral site was evaluated according to the anatomical findings and complications. All patients were treated in the Department of Oral and
Results
In most cases, an anatomical or surgical finding forced a deviation from the standard procedure of Tatum.1 A thin or thick lateral maxillary sinus wall was found in 78% and 4% of patients, respectively.
In these cases, the initial trapdoor preparation differed. The lateral wall was defined as thin if, after reflection of the mucoperiosteum, the Schneiderian membrane already shone dark grayish-bluish through the sinus wall. A maxillary sinus wall was considered thick if it measured at least 2.3
Thin or Thick Lateral Maxillary Sinus Wall
After loss of the maxillary teeth and reduction of the masticatory forces acting on the maxilla, the sinus wall gradually becomes thinner as a result of the increased size (or volume) by pneumatization of the maxillary sinus.13 The duration of edentulism is decisive for the extent of alveolar-ridge resorption and antral pneumatization of the alveolar process.14 Increased antral pneumatization starting after tooth loss seems to result especially from the basal bone loss caused by a reinforcement
References (31)
- et al.
Maxillary sinus septa: Incidence, morphology and clinical implications
J Craniomaxillofac Surg
(1997) The continuing reduction of the residual alveolar ridges in complete denture wearers: A mixed longitudinal study covering 25 years
J Prosthet Dent
(1972)- et al.
The edentulous maxillary alveolar process in the region of the maxillary sinus—A study of physical dimensions
Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg
(1995) - et al.
The incidence, location and height of maxillary sinus septa in the edentulous and dentate maxilla
J Oral Maxillofac Surg
(1999) Discussion: The incidence, location and height of maxillary septa in the edentulous and dentate maxilla
J Oral Maxillofac Surg
(1999)- et al.
Composite grafting of the maxillary sinus for placement of endosteal implants
Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg
(1992) - et al.
The clinical significance of sinus membrane perforation during augmentation of the maxillary sinus
J Oral Maxillofac Surg
(2006) Maxillary and sinus implant reconstructions
Dent Clin North Am
(1986)- et al.
Grafting of the maxillary sinus with autogenous marrow and bone
J Oral Maxillofac Surg
(1980) - et al.
Anatomical aspects of sinus floor elevation
Clin Oral Implant Res
(2000)