Elsevier

Journal of Endodontics

Volume 41, Issue 7, July 2015, Pages 1081-1084
Journal of Endodontics

Basic Research
Evaluation of Residual Antibacterial Effect of Human Radicular Dentin Treated with Triple and Double Antibiotic Pastes

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joen.2015.03.001Get rights and content

Highlights

  • Triple antibiotic paste (TAP) concentrations have a residual antibacterial effect for up to 7 to 14 days.

  • Double antibiotic paste (DAP) concentrations have a residual antibacterial effect for up to 14 to 30 days.

  • DAP produced a longer residual antibacterial effect compared with TAP.

  • 1 mg/mL TAP or DAP has a comparable residual antibacterial effect with 1000 mg/mL.

Abstract

Introduction

The aim of this study was to investigate the residual antibacterial effect of human radicular dentin treated with various concentrations of triple antibiotic paste and double antibiotic paste (DAP).

Methods

Sterilized dentin specimens were randomly assigned to 6 treatment groups and a no-treatment control group (n = 45 per group). For treatment groups, specimens were treated with either TAP or DAP at various concentrations (1000, 1, or 0.5 mg/mL) for 2 weeks. Then, each specimen was irrigated with 5 mL saline and incubated in phosphate-buffered solutions for 3, 7, 14, or 30 days. After that, Enterococcus faecalis was cultured on the specimens for 3 days. Each specimen was then transferred to a tube containing 200 μL saline, sonicated, and vortexed to detach the bacterial biofilm. The detached biofilm was spiral plated, and the number of colony-forming units was determined using an automated counting machine.

Results

Dentin specimens treated with 1000 mg/mL TAP or DAP had a significant residual antibacterial effect up to 14 days and 30 days, respectively. No significant difference was observed between 1000 and 1 mg/mL TAP and DAP at all time points. Dentin treated with all concentrations of DAP has a significantly longer residual antibacterial effect compared with dentin treated with TAP at the same concentrations.

Conclusions

Radicular dentin treated with TAP and DAP showed a significant residual antibacterial effect compared with untreated dentin. All concentrations of DAP showed a significantly longer residual antibacterial effect compared with the same concentrations of TAP.

Section snippets

Bacterial Strain and Media

Anaerobic blood agar plates (CDC; BioMerieux, Durham, NC) were used to initially grow and maintain Enterococcus faecalis bacteria (American Type Culture Collection 29212). Brain-heart infusion broth supplemented with 5 g/L yeast extract was used to grow the bacterium at 37°C in an anaerobic environment using gas-generating sachets (GasPak EZ; Becton, Dickinson and Company, Franklin Lakes, NJ) to produce the required environment.

Antibiotic Paste Preparation

For TAP, 1000 mg, 1 mg, or 0.5 mg United States Pharmacopeia grade

Results

The mixed linear model indicated significant effects of treatment type, post-treatment time in PBS, and their interaction on the residual antibacterial properties of radicular dentin (P < .05). All dentin specimens treated with antibiotics showed a gradual reduction in residual antibacterial effect over time (P < .05). Figure 1 shows that dentin treated with 1000 mg/mL TAP demonstrated a significant residual antibacterial effect compared with the untreated control group in up to 14 days of

Discussion

The residual antibiotic effect represents the capability of the antibiotic medicament to bind to the tooth structure and the subsequent release in an active form (17). A previous study suggested that TAP has the ability to bind to dentin structure (14). However, no previous research has measured the antibacterial effect of the retained medicaments. The lack of canal filling during the regeneration process may facilitate the repopulation of residual bacteria inside the canal space (18).

Acknowledgments

The authors deny any conflicts of interest related to this study.

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