Clinical ResearchTobacco Smoking and Radiographic Periapical Status: A Retrospective Case-Control Study
Section snippets
Subjects
The protocol was approved by the Ethic Committee of the Dental Faculty of Barcelona, Spain, and each subject signed a consent form after being advised of the nature of the study.
Participants were recruited among new patients presenting consecutively seeking routine dental care (not emergency care) at the Dental Clinic of the University of Barcelona Spain. Subjects who met the inclusion/exclusion criteria of this study were asked to voluntarily participate. Inclusion criteria were as follows:
Results
Table 1 shows the distribution of the study factors in both control and case groups. There was no significant difference in age, gender, or number of teeth between control and case groups. The average number of teeth per subject was 23.4 ± 6.0 and 23.0 ± 5.7 in the controls and cases, respectively (P > .05). Root-filled teeth were found more frequently in the case group. The average number of root-filled teeth per subject was 2.1 ± 2.1 in cases and 1.4 ± 1.6 in controls (P < .05). One or more
Discussion
The aim of this study was to investigate the possible association between smoking and the radiographic periapical status by using a case-control study design. Results reveal a statistically significant association between tobacco smoking and the presence of radiographically diagnosed periapical lesions.
Because control subjects were age- and sex-matched with the case patients, there were not significant differences between control and case subjects in age or in gender. Moreover, the average
Acknowledgments
The authors deny any conflicts of interest related to this study.
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