Short CommunicationLarvicidal activity and effects on post embrionary development of laboratory reared Musca domestica (Linnaeus, 1758) (Diptera: Muscidae), treated with Brevibacillus laterosporus (Laubach) spore suspensions
Introduction
Musca domestica (Linnaeus, 1758) is a major anthropophilic urban pest, that acts as a mechanical vector of pathogens, can also cause significant annoyance to livestock animals (Malik et al., 2007) and facultative myiasis in wild animals (Dehghani et al., 2012) and humans (Sehgal et al., 2002, Ucan et al., 2011). M. domestica can also serve as a phoretic host for the human botfly Dermatobia hominis (Linnaeus, 1761) and as such is involved in the process of specific myiasis (Maia and Gomes, 1988).
Chemical insecticides are widely used for the control of M. domestica (van Emden and Peakall, 1996). However the excessive use of such compounds may create environmental problems and contribute to the emergence of resistance in insect populations (Shono et al., 2004). In this context, the World Health Organization actively encourages research on new strategies and resources for pest and vector insect control (Mörner et al., 2002).
Brevibacillus laterosporus (Laubach) shows broad entomopathogenic activities (Oliveira et al., 2004) including toxicity against blowflies (Pessanha et al., 2015, Carramaschi et al., 2015) and house flies (Ruiu et al., 2006, Zimmer et al., 2013).
The present study sought to evaluate potential lethal and sub-lethal entomopathogenic effects associated with the use of the Bon707 strain of B. laterosporus when added to the diet of M. domestica larvae. The possible effects of ingestion of this bacterium upon the integrity of the gastrointestinal tract of larva was assessed through transmission electron microscopy.
Section snippets
M. domestica colony
The bioassays were performed with fourth generation larvae obtained from adults adapted to laboratory colonies (Laboratório de Entomologia Médica e Forense, Fiocruz) and rearing conditions (27 ± 1 °C, 60 ± 10% R.H. and a 12 h artificial photoperiod).
Bacterial strain
Individual colonies of B. laterosporus strain Bon707, previously demonstrated to be toxic to a variety of invertebrates (Oliveira et al., 2004, Carramaschi et al., 2015, Pessanha et al., 2015) and to hold potential as an entomopathogen of M. domestica (
Results and discussion
Ruiu et al. (2006) observed that B. laterosporus was able to reduce the viability of larvae of M. domestica by inhibition of feeding, which was reflected in reduced pupal mass. In contrast, in our experiments no significant alteration in the pupae mass was recorded indicating that feeding activity was not affected by the test strain.
Treatment with B. laterosporus did not interfere in the development time of M. domestica larvae. However, a reduction in the duration of larval period was observed
Acknowledgments
This study was supported by grants from CAPES (Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior) and CNPq (Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Tecnológico) process no. 485303/2013-2.
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Bioactivity under laboratory conditions of Brevibacillus laterosporus towards larvae and adults of Chrysomya putoria (Diptera: Calliphoridae)
2018, Journal of Invertebrate PathologyCitation Excerpt :The same effect was observed by Oliveira et al. (2006) when larvae of C. putoria were treated with Bacillus thuringiensis. In studies using M. domestica or C. megacephala as target, the strain Bon 707 did not influence feeding activity (Ferreira et al., 2016; Carramashi et al., 2015). In contrast, the feeding inhibition observed for C. putoria suggested a specific response by this insect to the test agent.
Survey of Brevibacillus laterosporus insecticidal protein genes and virulence factors
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