The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: In Practice
Review and Feature ArticleSpacers and Valved Holding Chambers—The Risk of Switching to Different Chambers
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Conflicts of interest: F. Lavorini reports personal fees and grants for research from AstraZeneca, Chiesi, GlaxoSmithKline (GSK), Menarini International, Novartis Pharmaceuticals, Orion Pharmaceuticals, and Trudell Medical International. J. F. M. van Boven reports speaker fees, consultancy fees, and/or research grants from Boehringer Ingelheim, Menarini, Trudell Medical International, AstraZeneca, and GSK. W. Carroll reports personal fees from GSK, Novartis Pharmaceuticals, and Trudell Medical International and nonfinancial research support from GSK. J. Conway reports financial assistance and/or contracts from AstraZeneca, Algipharma, Air Liquide France, Pari GmbH, Novus, Fisher and Paykel, Breas, and Trudell Medical International. R. W. Costello reports speaker fees from Boehringer Ingelheim, AstraZeneca, GSK, Teva, and Novartis; 2 patents on techniques related to adherence; and grant support from Aerogen and GSK. B. H. Dahl reports fees from Boehringer Ingelheim, AstraZeneca, Novartis, and Trudell Medical International. R. P. N. Dekhuijzen reports grants and personal fees from Chiesi, AstraZeneca, Teva, Mundipharma, Boehringer Ingelheim, Trudell Medical International, Sandoz, and Zambon. S. Holmes reports personal fees from AstraZeneca, Beximco, Boehringer Ingelheim, Chiesi, GSK, Johnson and Johnson, Mylan, Napp, Novartis, Nutricia, Orion, Pfizer, Sandoz, Teva, and Trudell Medical International; fees from Bristol North Somerset and South Gloucester CCG, Heywood Middleton and Rochdale CCG, Rushcliffe CCG, Somerset CCG, Mediconf, MIMS, Nursing in Practice, Pulse and RCGP conferences, and educational meetings. M. Levy reports personal fees, grants, and nonfinancial support from Chiesi, Clement Clarke International, Consorzio Futuro In Ricerca, Teva, AstraZeneca, Soar Beyond, Orion Pharmaceuticals, Napp Pharmaceuticals, National Services for Health Improvement, Novartis Pharmaceuticals, GSK, Trudell Medical International, GINA, and Asthma and COPD (Joint) Lead for Whole Systems Integrated Care (WSIC) NorthWest London. M. Molimard reports consulting fees from Boehringer Ingelheim, GSK, Novartis, and Trudell Medical International. N. Roche reports grants and personal fees from Boehringer Ingelheim, Novartis, and Pfizer and personal fees from Teva, GSK, AstraZeneca, Chiesi, Mundipharma, Cipla, Sanofi, Sandoz, 3M, and Zambon. M. Romàn-Rodriguez reports personal fees and grants from AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, GSK, Mundipharma, Novartis, Teva, and Trudell Medical International. N. Scichilone reports grant and personal fees from AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, Chiesi, GSK, Sanofi, and Trudell Medical International. J. Scullion reports personal fees from AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, Mundipharma, Chiesi, Mylan, Napp, Novartis, Nutricia, Orion, Pfizer, Sandoz, Teva, Trudell Medical International, MIMS, Nursing in Practice, Consorzio Futuro In Ricerca, and Phillips. O. S. Usmani reports grants and/or personal fees from Trudell Medical International, AstraZeneca, Boehringer Ingelheim, Chiesi, Aerocrine, GSK, NAPP, Mundipharma, Sandoz, Takeda, Cipla, and Pearl Therapeutics outside the submitted work. C. Barreto reports no relevant conflict of interests.