ReviewSocial media for intelligent public information and warning in disasters: An interdisciplinary review
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Section snippets
Intelligent public information and warning using social media: vision and review motivation
Communication of timely and reliable information, such as situational awareness and protective and preventative measures, in the face of devastating natural disasters, can mean the difference between life or death of disaster victims (Shklovski, Burke, Kiesler, & Kraut, 2010). Public information and warning is the delivery of “coordinated, prompt, reliable, and actionable information to the whole community through the use of clear, consistent, accessible, and culturally and linguistically
Understanding the phenomena of communication through social media in disasters
This section examines the phenomena of communication through social media in disasters from five aspects (Fig. 4): (1) the content of social media, (2) spatiotemporal patterns of social media usage distribution, (3) information dissemination patterns, (4) rumor and trust issues, and (5) public's experience of social media use.
Informatics techniques for analyzing social media data in disasters
This section presents the state-of-the-art techniques for retrieving and analyzing information content of social media posts for evaluating communities’ information sharing in disasters (Castillo, 2016) (Adam, Shafiq, & Staffin, 2012). This section will review the techniques used for social media informatics in three categories (Fig. 5): (1) information retrieval, (2) information integration, (3) information interpretation. These widely-used informatics techniques collectively support all three
Research roadmap for achieving the vision of intelligent public information and warning in disasters using social media
At the beginning of this review, the authors defined the Vision as a means to improve information flow and self-organization by the timely and effective exchange of situational information in a networked and decentralized manner among a population affected by a disaster. Studies of information dissemination and social media informatics techniques will support the three functions of the Vision, which are (1) enabling people to conveniently acquire disaster situational awareness information, (2)
Concluding remarks
Studies of social media and disasters have burgeoned in the last decade, and the review of existing studies can better guide researchers and planning entities to achieve better disaster management and response. This paper defines the vision of intelligent public information and warning in disasters then identifies three functions of this vision. To achieve these functions, the authors reviewed studies and identified challenges in understanding the phenomena of communication using social media
Statement of competing interests
The authors have no competing interests to declare.
Acknowledgment
This material is based in part upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant Number IIS-1759537. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation.
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