The use of different glucose oxidases for the development of an amperometric reagentless glucose biosensor based on gold nanoparticles covered by polypyrrole
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Section snippets
INTRODUCTION
Glucose biosensor-related research has tremendous interest from the introduction of the first glucose biosensor based on glucose oxidase (GOx) in 1962 [1]. The electrochemical GOx-based biosensors are still among the most widely used, although many improvements have been added since the 1960’s. Currently, these biosensors are applied in different areas such as food and pharmaceutical industry and particularly in clinical diagnostics because diabetes is a worldwide public health problem [2], [3]
Chemicals
GOxA.niger, type VII was purchased from Sigma–Aldrich (Buchs, Switzerland). TTF and PD were purchased from Sigma–Aldrich (Buchs, Switzerland). d-(+)-glucose, tetrachloroauric acid (HAuCl4 × 3H2O) and tannic acid were obtained from Carl Roth GmbH&Co (Karlsruhe, Germany), NaH2PO4 × 2H2O and Na2PO4 × 12H2O – from Reachim (Saint Petersburg, Russia). CH3COONa was purchased from Penta (Praha, Czech Republic), HCl – from Acta Medica (Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic), KCl – from Lachema (Neratovice, Czech
Results
The principle of electrochemical biosensors is usually based on the monitoring of current associated with oxidation or reduction of an electroactive species involved in the recognition process [40]. In our research, redox mediators TTF or PD were adsorbed on bare GR or AuNP/GR electrode surface and then corresponding GOx (from Aspergillus niger, Penicillium adametzii or Penicillium funiculosum) was immobilized onto the physically modified graphite surface by cross-linking with glutaraldehyde
Conclusions
A comparative study of GOx from Aspergillus niger, Penicillium adametzii, Penicillium funiculosum and AuNP of different size for amperometric glucose detection by reagentless biosensor was performed. Graphite electrode was modified with 3.5, 6.0 or 13.0 nm AuNP, TTF or PD as electron transfer mediator and GOx. The biosensor based on GOxP.funiculosum/PD/AuNP3.5/GR electrode was characterized by quick response, high registered current and sensitivity (52.1 μA cm−2 (mmol L−1)−1, linear glucose
Acknowledgement
This research was funded by the European Social Fund under the Global Grant measure. Authors thank the master student Liliana Butko for technical assistance.
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