¹⁸F-FDG-PET and PET/CT for Evaluating Primary Bone Tumors

Multiple myeloma

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a malignancy of the plasma cells in the bone marrow. Because of the marrow involvement, some authorities classify MM as a blood (hematologic) disorder, while others classify it as a primary bone tumor.⁴⁵ In either case, the disease leads to significant bone involvement in the vast majority (>90%) of patients.³ According to the 2009 American Cancer Society estimates, approximately 20,580 new cases were expected in 2009. The estimated number of deaths in 2009 from this

Benign tumors of bone

Benign primary tumors of bone are a heterogeneous group of disorders including (in rough order of prevalence) osteochondroma, enchondroma, osteoid osteoma, fibrous dysplasia, aneurysmal bone cyst, giant cell tumors, chondroblastoma, and chondromyxoid fibroma. Some, such as giant cell tumors and fibrous dysplasia, may transform into malignancy. Others are strictly benign, but nonetheless can lead to significant local effects such as pain and pathologic fractures.

The imaging evaluation of benign

Summary

Primary bone tumors are a heterogeneous group of diseases including malignant and benign variants. The former includes osteosarcoma and the ESFT, while the latter includes several entities such as osteochondroma, enchondroma, aneurysmal bone cyst, and fibrous dysplasia. MM is a hematologic malignancy that primarily presents in bone.

Imaging is critical for the proper staging, management, and posttherapy evaluation of these patients. While conventional imaging such as radiography, CT, MR imaging,