Silencing TTTY15 mitigates hypoxia-induced mitochondrial energy metabolism dysfunction and cardiomyocytes apoptosis via TTTY15/let-7i-5p and TLR3/NF-κB pathways
Section snippets
List of abbreviations
TTTY15 Testis-specific transcript Y-linked 15 TLR3 toll-like receptor 3 TRAF6 receptor-associated factor 6 MI Myocardial infarction CVDs Cardiovascular diseases LDH lactate dehydrogenase ATP adenosine triphosphate
Cell culture and hypoxia treatment
The human adult ventricular cardiomyocyte AC16 cells (SCC109) were obtained from Merck (Darmstadt, Germany), and cultured in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium: Nutrient mixture F-12 (DMEM/F12; Gibco, Gaithersburg, MD, USA). Normally, the AC16 cells were incubated in an aseptic condition of 95% air and 5% CO2 in 37 °C. AC16 cells in 90% confluence were transferred in an environment of 94% N2, 5% CO2 and 1% O2 in 37 °C for 12 h (hypoxia treatment) or a condition of 95% air and 5% CO2 in 37 °C
Hypoxia induced apoptosis and mitochondrial energy metabolism dysfunction in human cardiomyocyte AC16 cells
Sustained exposure to hypoxia could induce cell injury. And to confirm hypoxia injury in cardiomyocytes, AC16 cells were disposed to 1% oxygen condition instead of normal 21% oxygen for 12 h. A series of functional experiments were following performed. CCK-8 showed a cell viability inhibition (approximate 50%, P < 0.05) after hypoxia treatment, accompanied with declined Cyclin D1 expression (Fig. 1A and G), suggesting cell proliferation was inhibited in response to hypoxia. Flow cytometry
Discussion
There were quite a few of lncRNAs that had been involved in hypoxia-induced myocardial injuries in cardiomyocyte fibrosis [23], apoptosis and autophagy [24], migration and invasion [25], Ca homeostasis and mitochondrial fission [26,27]. Little research had been focused on the role of lncRNA in mitochondrial energy metabolism in cardiomyocytes. Here, we investigated the dysregulation of TTTY15 and its role in hypoxia-induced human cardiomyocyte AC16 cells proliferation, apoptosis and glucose
Funding
None.
Authors' contributions
Han Zhang and Xiufang Zou designed the study, analyzed the data and wrote the manuscript. Feng Liu analyzed the data and performed the experiments.
Declaration of Competing Interest
The authors declare that they have no financial conflicts of interest.
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These authors contributed equally to this work.