Elsevier

Cellular Immunology

Volume 333, November 2018, Pages 65-79
Cellular Immunology

Research paper
Immunoglobulin G glycosylation in aging and diseases

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cellimm.2018.07.009Get rights and content
Under a Creative Commons license
open access

Highlights

  • IgG glycans represent an interface between genes and environment.

  • IgG glycome composition changes in various physiological and pathological states.

  • IgG glycans are an excellent biomarker of biological age.

  • Glycosylation of IgG modulates its effector functions.

  • Knowledge of IgG glycosylation can improve disease biomarkers and vaccination and immunotherapy protocols.

Abstract

The Immunoglobulin G (IgG) glycome is well known for its heterogeneity and shows a significant degree of variation within populations. IgG glycome composition is influenced both by genes and by environment, making it an excellent biomarker of a person's general health state, i.e. biological age. IgG glycosylation appears to be highly regulated, both during homeostasis and in cases of its disturbance. Changes in IgG glycosylation patterns have been observed in aging and in various diseases. Differential IgG glycosylation is known to modulate IgG effector functions and is involved in disease development and progression, representing both a predisposition and a functional mechanism involved in disease pathology. This makes IgG glycosylation analysis a promising add-on to improve existing disease biomarkers.

Abbreviations

ACPA
anti-citrullinated protein antibody
ADCC
antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity
ANCA
anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibody
CDC
complement dependent cytotoxicity
CH2
constant heavy 2
Fab
fragment antigen binding
Fc
fragment crystallizable
FcγRs
Fcγ receptors
FNAIT
fetal and neonatal alloimmune thrombocytopenia
GlcNac
N-acetylglucosamine
HDFN
haemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn
HIV
human immunodeficiency virus
IBD
inflammatory bowel disease
IgG
immunoglobulin G
IVIg
intravenous immunoglobulin
MBL
mannose-binding lectin
NK
natural killer
RF
rheumatoid factor
SLE
systemic lupus erythematosus

Keywords

IgG glycome
Aging
Disease
Biological age
Differential glycosylation
Biomarker

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