Kobusone: Occurrence of a norsesquiterpenoid in the gorgonian coral Rumphella antipathies (Gorgoniidae)

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Subject and source

The gorgonian coral Rumphella antipathies (Nutting) was collected in May 2004, off the southern coast of Taiwan. This organism was identified by comparison with previous descriptions (Bayer, 1981, Dai, 1989). The voucher specimens were deposited in the National Museum of Marine Biology and Aquarium (NMMBA) (specimen no. NMMBA-TWGC-010).

Previous study

There are no previous reports on the chemical constituents of the gorgonian coral R. antipathies. Several studies have focused on the steroid components (Anjaneyulu et al., 1995), the organic extracts from the gorgonian corals belonging to the Rumphella genus in ecology (Puglisi et al., 2002), and their medical use (Nourry et al., 1999).

Present study

The freeze-dried and minced material of the gorgonian coral R. antipathies (wet weight 402 g, dry weight 144 g) was extracted with a mixture of methanol and dichloromethane (1:1) at room temperature. The residue was partitioned between n-hexane and 9:1 methanol–water. The n-hexane layer (12.5 g) was chromatographed on silica gel (Merck, 230–400 mesh) column chromatography using n-hexane–acetone mixtures of increasing polarity to yield a 14C caryophyllane-type norsesquiterpenoid, kobusone (1) (n

Chemotaxonomic significance

The 14C norsesquiterpenoid, kobusone (1), was first isolated from the nutgrass Cyperus rotundus (Hikino et al., 1969) and this compound also was proven to be one of the main constituents of lavender oil extracted from Lavandula officinalis (Kaiser and Lamparsky, 1983a, Kaiser and Lamparsky, 1983b). The compounds of caryophyllane-type metabolites exist widely in terrestrial plants (Fraga, 2006); however, in previous studies, caryophyllane-type natural products were shown to be rarely found in

Acknowledgements

This research work was supported by grants from the National Science Council, Taiwan, ROC (NSC 94-2320-B-291-001 and NSC 95-2320-B-291-001), and by intramural funding from NMMBA to P.-J. Sung.

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