Archival ReportDecomposing Intra-Subject Variability in Children with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
Section snippets
Methods and Materials
Thirty-three children with ADHD (27 boys) and 26 typically developing comparison children (TDC; 12 boys) between the ages of 7.5 and 16.4 years participated in this study. Children with ADHD were recruited through referrals from the New York University Child Study Center Child & Family Associates, parent support groups, newsletters, flyers, and web/newspaper ads. We recruited TDC from the local community through flyers/ads and word of mouth. Families received $60 for participating in the study.
Group Characteristics
Twelve of 29 children with ADHD included in the analysis met current criteria for Combined type (ADHD-C), 16 for Predominantly Inattentive type (ADHD-I), and 1 for Predominantly Hyperactive/Impulsive type (ADHD-H/I). Eleven children with ADHD (6 ADHD-C, 4 ADHD-I, and 1 ADHD-H/I) presented with comorbid disorders: 4 with Oppositional Defiant Disorder, 4 with anxiety disorders (1 with Generalized Anxiety Disorder and Social Phobia, 1 with Social Phobia, and 2 with Anxiety Disorder Not Otherwise
Discussion
The purpose of this study was to determine whether measuring RT variability in children with ADHD within the Slow-4 frequency band (i.e., .027–.073 Hz) would provide greater diagnostic information than RT-SD alone. Having confirmed prior reports (6, 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45) that children with ADHD exhibit greater RT-SD than age-matched TDC, we also found that they showed significantly greater variability specifically in the Slow-4 frequency range. Furthermore, when variability in the Slow-4
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