Adult human retinal pigment epithelial cells capable of differentiating into neurons
Section snippets
Human retinal pigment stem cells
Two human adult retinal pigment epithelial cell lines were used in this study, H80HrPE (80-year-old human differentiated pigmented epithelial cells)-6 and ARPE-19.
H80HrPE-6 was established by Eguchi et al. and harvested from the eye bank eye of an 80-year-old male, while ARPE-19 was harvested from a young eye.
Establishment of the human RPE cell clone
Eyecups were made from the eye, after which the neural retina was removed from the eye cups and placed in PBS. The eyecups were incubated in 0.05% EDTA, and only then the pigmented
Characteristics of human retinal pigment cell line
H80HrPE-6 cells and ARPE19 cells showed a flat and polygonal epithelial-like morphology without pigment in epithelial culture medium with fetal bovine serum (Fig. 1A). They had remained healthy after freezing and thawing. Cells of either line contained no visible pigment until after 5 months’ culture, when some cells of ARPE19 showed visible pigment in their cytoplasm.
The cells cultured for 2 weeks in the epithelial culture medium were examined immunocytochemically. Most of the cells showed
Discussion
The RPE cells of many vertebrate species can dedifferentiate and transdifferentiate in response to changes in their environment. It is well known that in amphibians RPE cells transdifferentiate not only into lens cells, but also into retinal neurons [10], [11], [16]. It was reported that growth factors and extracellular matrix components are found to be important in the control of the transdifferentiation process of vertebrate pigmented epithelial cells [15].
In embryonic rat, RPE cells were
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Cited by (52)
The road to restore vision with photoreceptor regeneration
2021, Experimental Eye ResearchRetinal pigment epithelial cells as a therapeutic tool and target against retinopathies
2018, Drug Discovery TodayCitation Excerpt :Furthermore, human RPE cells have been reported to secret glial-cell-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) and BDNF together with the ability to synthesize dopamine [31], indicating HRPE cells as prominent candidates to be engineered for retinal dopaminergic neurons. Two human adult RPE cell lines, young-derived ARPE-19 and old-derived H80HrPE cells, have been induced to transdifferentiate into neurons by treatment with medium containing all-trans retinoic acid, basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) and epidermal growth factor (EGF), expressing β-III tubulin as a neuronal lineage marker [32,33]. Therefore, the molecular tools for differentiation of HRPE cells into retinal dopaminergic neurons could be hypothesized to involve the retinoic acid pathway and neurotrophic factors.
Characterization of a spontaneously generated murine retinal pigmented epithelium cell line; a model for in vitro experiments
2016, Experimental Cell ResearchMobilizing Endogenous Stem Cells for Retinal Repair
2016, Translating Regenerative Medicine to the ClinicThe retinal pigment epithelium: An important player of retinal disorders and regeneration
2014, Experimental Eye ResearchMobilizing endogenous stem cells for retinal repair
2014, Translational ResearchCitation Excerpt :Interestingly, RPE cells from adult humans are reported as being capable of generating stable RPE and differentiating into mesenchymal lineages in vitro.46 In addition, it has been shown that cultured human RPE cells can differentiate into neurons that are positive for beta-III tubulin, MAP2, and neurofilament proteins, whereas no photoreceptor or glial marker-positive cells were observed in these cultures.47 Mammalian RPE appears to be deficient in the regulatory elements required for induction of transdifferentiation.45