Arthroscopy: The Journal of Arthroscopic & Related Surgery
Original ArticleUsing Interconnected Knotless Anchor for Suprapectoral Biceps Tenodesis Could Offer Improved Biomechanical Properties in a Cadaveric Model
Section snippets
Specimens
A total of 28 fresh-frozen human cadaveric shoulders obtained from the MedCure (http://medcure.org/) were used for the biomechanical study. Cadaveric shoulders 50 to 75 years of age were included; however, specimens with osteoarthritis, unhealthy biceps tendons, fractures, or other associated soft-tissue pathologies were excluded. Before the biomechanical test, all of the specimens were thawed at the proper temperature (20-22°C) for more than 24 hours, after which a senior author (W-R.S.)
Results
The demographic data indicated no statistical differences related to cadaveric age, bone mineral density, and tendon diameters (P < .05) among the 3 experimental groups. The results for the biomechanical values are listed in Table 1.
All the specimens sustained the entire cyclic loading test without failure. The mean construct stiffness was 38.9 ± 7.7 N/mm in the IKA group, which was significantly greater than that in the IS group (26.6 ± 6.3 N/mm, P = .002) and that in the DKA group (14.1 ± 3.1
Discussion
In our biomechanical study of suprapectoral biceps tenodesis, the IKA fixation technique resulted in statistically greater ultimate failure load and stiffness compared with the other fixation methods. However, in terms of the cyclic displacement, there were no statistically significant differences among the 3 experimental groups. All the specimens exhibited displacement of less than 10 mm after the cyclic loading test, which was regarded as the cutoff point for failure in previous biomechanical
Conclusions
In suprapectoral bicep tenodesis, IKA fixation appears to offer improved construct stiffness and ultimate failure load while maintaining comparable suture slippage as compared with IS fixation or DKA fixation in the current biomechanical study.
Acknowledgments
The authors thank Skeleton Materials and Biocompatibility Core Lab, Research Center of Clinical Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University and Ministry of Science and Technology, R.O.C (grant No. 106-2314-B-006-067-MY32) for the assistance of this project.
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Cited by (1)
Editorial Commentary: Shoulder Biceps Tenodesis Implant Selection Requires Consideration of Complications and Cost
2020, Arthroscopy - Journal of Arthroscopic and Related Surgery
See commentary on page 2055
The authors report no conflicts of interest in the authorship and publication of this article. Full ICMJE author disclosure forms are available for this article online, as supplementary material.