General Obstetrics and Gynecology: ObstetricsNovel peptides prevent alcohol-induced spatial learning deficits and proinflammatory cytokine release in a mouse model of fetal alcohol syndrome
Section snippets
Material and methods
We used a well-characterized mouse model of FAS.13 C57Bl6/J female mice (Jackson Laboratories, Bar Harbor, Maine) were kept under a 12-hour light, 12-hour dark regimen, with food and water available at all times. The mice received humane animal care in compliance with the “Guideline for Care and Use of Experimental Animals.” Six-week-old females (21-24 g) were mated with C57Bl6/J males for 4 hours. On gestational day 8, we injected pregnant mice intraperitoneally with 25% ethyl alcohol in
Results
In the learning paradigm, offspring from the alcohol-treated litters demonstrated no evidence of learning over the 7-day trial (Figure). In contrast, animals from the control litters decreased their latency 50% by the fifth day (P<.001). Males from the litters who were pretreated with NAP + ADNF-9 and then given alcohol also significantly learned, with a learning curve not different from that of the control at all time points that were tested. The offspring from litters that were treated with
Comment
This study showed that alcohol treatment increases proinflammatory cytokine levels and produces spatial learning deficits in affected offspring. The data also imply that the peptides, NAP + ADNF-9, prevent alcohol-induced increases in proinflammatory cytokines and protect against alcohol-induced spatial learning deficits. In addition, this study suggests that treatment with NAP + ADNF-9 alone enhanced learning in normal mice, when compared with control. The data are consistent with previous work in
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