Immunohistochemistry is widely used in female genital tract pathology in many different diagnostic scenarios and is often instrumental in establishing a correct diagnosis. However, the results of immunohistochemistry should always be corrected with the gross pathological and morphological features and, where appropriate, other parameters. In general, panels of antibodies should be used rather than relying on a single marker, especially given the potential for unexpected “aberrant” staining reactions with any marker. In this chapter, the value of immunohistochemical markers is discussed at the different sites within the female genital tract. While routine molecular diagnostics are less well established, this is an emerging field and the value of molecular testing in diagnosis is covered where appropriate.
