Sensing Materials: Functionalized Advanced Carbon-Based Nanomaterials

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Abstract

This article discusses the growing importance of functionalized carbon-based nanomaterials for sensing applications. In the last decades, carbon-based nanomaterials became very popular as the core structure to develop new and improved sensing technologies (analytical, point-of-care, and wearable sensors), with applications spanning from medical diagnostics to environmental care. Carbon-based nanomaterials is a vast class of materials of different allotropic structures, of varied dimension (0D, 1D, and 2D), each of themexibiting unique physico-chemical properties. The main properties that make these nanomaterials very attractive for sensing are (i) their formidable electronic conduction and charge transfer properties, (ii) large surface area, and (iii) achievable functionalization. Herein, we discuss the different categories of carbon-based nanomaterials functionalized with several chemical and biological species for the attaining novel optical, electrical, and electrochemical sensing technologies exhibting state of the art performances, namely high sensitivity and selectivity.

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