The influence of arsenite concentration on arsenic accumulation in tomato and bean plants

doi:10.1016/S0304-4238(97)00114-3

Scientia Horticulturae

Volume 71, Issues 3–4, December 1997, Pages 167-176

https://doi.org/10.1016/S0304-4238(97)00114-3 Get rights and content

Abstract

Arsenic (As) absorption by tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill) and bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) as affected by arsenite concentration in nutrient solution was examined. The processes of As uptake and accumulation among roots, stems, leaves, and fruit were studied. Tomato and bean plants were grown in nutrient solution containing four levels of arsenite: 0, 2, 5, and 10 mg As 1⁻¹. Arsenite was phytotoxic to both plant species; tomato plants, however, were more tolerant to As pollution than bean plants. Bean plants exhibited symptoms of As toxicity, and plants treated with 10 mg As 1⁻¹ were dead after 36 days of treatment. In tomato, As exposure resulted in a significant reduction in dry biomass production but tissue chlorosis or necrosis were not observed. The strategy developed by tomato plants to tolerate As was avoidance; limiting As transport to shoots and increasing As accumulation in the root system. Arsenic in tomato root tissue seemed to be so effectively compartmentalized that its impact in plant growth and metabolism was minimal. However, in bean plants upon uptake, As was readily transported to shoots and accumulated to high concentrations in leaf tissue. The observed differential absorption and translocation of arsenite or its metabolized species by tomato and bean plants were probably responsible for the different plant tolerance to As pollution.

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Arsenic (As) poses a significant environmental threat as a metalloid toxin, adversely affecting the health of both plants and animals. Strigolactones (SL) and nitric oxide (NO) are known to play crucial roles in plant physiology. Therefore, the present experiment was designed to investigate the potential cumulative role of SL (GR24–0.20 μM) and NO (100 μM) in mitigating the adverse effect of As^V (53 μM) by modulating physiological mechanisms in two genotypes of tomato (Riogrand and Super Strain 8). A sample randomized design with four replicates was used to arrange the experimental pots in the growth chamber. 45-d old both tomato cultivars under As^V toxicity exhibited reduced morphological attributes (root and shoot length, root and shoot fresh weight, and root and shoot dry weight) and physiological and biochemical characteristics [chlorophyll (Chl) a and b content, activity of δ-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase activity (an enzyme responsible for Chl biosynthesis), and carbonic anhydrase activity (an enzyme responsible for photosynthesis), and enhanced Chl degradation, overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid peroxidation due to enhanced malondialdehyde (MDA) content. However, the combined application of SL and NO was more effective in enhancing the tolerance of both varieties to As^V toxicity compared to individual application. The combined application of SL and NO improved growth parameters, biosynthesis of Chls, NO and proline. However, the combined application significantly suppressed cellular damage by inhibiting MDA and overproduction of ROS in leaves and roots, as confirmed by the fluorescent microscopy study and markedly upregulated the antioxidant enzymes (catalase, peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, ascorbate dismutase and glutathione reductase) activity. This study provides clear evidence that the combined application of SL and NO supplementation significantly improves the resilience of tomato seedlings against As^V toxicity. The synergistic effect of SL and NO was confirmed by the application of cPTIO (an NO scavenger) with SL and NO. However, further molecular studies could be imperative to conclusively validate the simultaneous role of SL and NO in enhancing plant tolerance to abiotic stress.
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¹: Present address: Wetland Biogeochemistry Institute, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803-7511, USA.

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Scientia Horticulturae

Abstract

References (29)

Plant factors influencing the use of plant analysis as a tool for biogeochemical prospecting

Fixation, transformation, and mobilization of As in sediments

Environ. Sci. Technol.

Absorción y distribución de arsénico en Lycopersicum esculentum Mill. Efectos nutricionales y morfológicos

Estudio de la dinamica en el suelo y del comportamiento agroquimico del metaarsenito como fungicida

Effect of arsenite on the concentrations of micronutrients in tomato plants grown in hydroponic culture

J. Plant Nut.

Arsenic uptake, distribution and accumulation in tomato plants: Effect of arsenite on plant growth and yield

J. Plant Nut.

Arsenic uptake, distribution and accumulation in tomato plants: Human health risk

Fresenius Envir. Bull.

Arsenic uptake, distribution and accumulation in bean plants: Effect of arsenite and salinity on plant growth and yield

J. Plant Nut.

Response of melon and tomato plants to chloride-nitrate ratio in saline nutrient solutions

J. Plant Nut.

Accumulation and interactions of arsenic, selenium, molybdenum and phosphorus in alfalfa

J. Environ. Qual.

Effect of heavy metals pollution on plants

Accumulation of arsenic in the shoots of sudan grass and bush beans

Plant Physiol.

Los parásitos de la vid. Estrategia de lucha

The influence of chemical form and concentration of arsenic in rice growth and tissue arsenic concentration

Plant and Soil

Cited by (120)

Combined magnetic biochar and ryegrass enhanced the remediation effect of soils contaminated with multiple heavy metals

Strigolactone and nitric oxide collaborate synergistically to boost tomato seedling resilience to arsenic toxicity via modulating physiology and antioxidant system

The Consequence of Arsenic Remediation through potential indigenous Rhizospheric Microbes

A photoresistor-based portable digital sensor for rapid colorimetric detection of Arsenic

Role of gasotransmitters on physiological responses altered by As in plants

Biochemical and molecular basis of arsenic toxicity and tolerance in microbes and plants