Use of quantitative microbial risk assessment for evaluation of the benefits of laundry sanitation☆,☆☆
Section snippets
Hazard: Shigella, an example microorganism
Transmission of diseases via contaminated clothing is an old established risk.7 The earliest documented spread of disease through contaminated clothing is found in Leviticus 13 of the Bible,8 which states that “the garment that the plague of leprosy is in whether it be a woolen or a linen garment; whether it be in the warp or woof; of linen or of woolen; whether in a skin or anything made of skin;” shall be washed or burned according to the judgment of the priest. A well-known outbreak of
CONCLUSIONS
Recently, more attention has been focused on household sanitizing agents. As the technology develops to further reduce the possibility of illness resulting from exposure to microbial pathogens in the home, these products can be evaluated through a risk assessment process to determine the number of cases of disease they may prevent. In this example, approximately a 99.9% reduction in the probability of disease through exposure to contaminated laundry, given the presence of a family member
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Cited by (25)
Physico-chemistry of bacterial transmission versus adhesion
2017, Advances in Colloid and Interface ScienceCitation Excerpt :Bacterial transmission in domestic environments is inevitable, but usually involves less pathogenic microorganisms than present in biomedical environments [22]. Bacterially contaminated fabrics have the potential to contaminate laundry in washing machines [23], as well as washing machines themselves, which can lead to contamination of subsequent loads of laundry [23,24]. Microorganisms in fresh, unprepared food can transmit to kitchen surfaces [25] and onto household members through handling devices during preparation [22].
Human health risks for Legionella and Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) from potable and non-potable uses of roof-harvested rainwater
2017, Water ResearchCitation Excerpt :Finally, regarding the clothes washing scenario, MAC can be present in fecal material (Yajko et al., 1993) that can be introduced to the laundry cycle through soiled clothing and provide additional pathogen loading. A more in-depth QMRA model for MAC risks due to clothes washing might consider transfer of fecal-associated MAC to water and hand-to-mouth contact after clothes laundering and impact of any disinfectants used (Callewaert et al., 2015; Gerba and Kennedy, 2007; Gibson et al., 1999; Lopez et al., 2013). Regarding the management of RHRW risks, toilet lids can be closed prior to flushing to prevent the spread of mists.
Nurses' uniforms: Off the radar. A review of guidelines and laundering practices
2012, Healthcare InfectionAssessment of benefits from use of antimicrobial hand products: Reduction in risk from handling ground beef
2005, International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental HealthQuantifying recontamination through factory environments - A review
2003, International Journal of Food Microbiology
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