Second nonocular tumors in survivors of bilateral retinoblastoma: A possible age effect on radiation-related risk
Section snippets
Methods
This study is based on a population of 1729 patients with retinoblastoma identified from medical records on file at various hos pitals and medical centers in Boston (1937–1984) and New York (1914–1984). A previous report3 contains a complete description of the methods used to locate survivors and document deaths. Briefly, information on date of birth, retinoblastoma laterality, diagnosis, treatment history, and second neoplasms was collected from patient medical charts and confirmed with
Results
Of the 816 1-year survivors of bilateral retinoblastoma, 446 (55%) were male and 370 (45%) were female. Overall followup was 90.3%, and there were no large differences in followup between groups, with the percentage that could be located or their death confirmed as 10% for patients not irradiated, 8% for patients irradiated before the age of 12 months, and 11% for patients irradiated at or after the age of 12 months. Age at follow-up ranged from 1 to 62 years, with a median of 23 years of age
Discussion
In our population of patients with bilateral retinoblastoma, more than half are estimated to develop a second primary neoplasm by the age of 50. Previous reports on this series and on other series consistently have shown an elevated risk of second nonocular tumors in patients with germinal retinoblastoma, particularly osteogenic sarcomas of the skull and long bones, soft tissue sarcomas, cutaneous melanomas, and pinealoblastomas.3, 4, 6, 8 Furthermore, a recent report on the series of which
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