Observations on the influence of microstructure on electrolytic tinplate corrosion

doi:10.1016/1044-5803(94)00060-X

Materials Characterization

Volume 34, Issue 2, March 1995, Pages 143-148

https://doi.org/10.1016/1044-5803(94)00060-X Get rights and content

Abstract

Corrosion processes on the stratified structure of electrolytic tinplates were characterized by means of alloy-tin couple, pickle-lag, anodic polarization tests, and scanning electron microscopy analyses. To study polarization, citric-citrate and acetic-acetate solutions were employed as artificial media while tomato sauce, canned razor-clams, and mussels were representative of real media. The results made it possible to establish a direct relationship between continuity, homogeneity, and crystallization density of each layer and its resistance to corrosion processes. The continuity and homogeneity conditions also involved organic layers having a protective role.

References (27)

S.J. Blunden et al.
A reevaluation of the surface composition and morphology of the tinplate D&I cans: the limitations of electrochemical porosity tests
Corrosion Sci.
(1991)
G. Kamm
Progress in materials for can stock and future trends
ISII International
(1990)
R. Catalá
Current view on tinplate cans
Revista Ibérica
(1989)
H. Kolb
Elektrochemische Untersuchungen zum Einfluss von nitrat und Nitrit auf die Ausgangruhepotentiale und den Kurz-chulsstrom des Elementes Eissen/Zinn in Fruchtsäuren und säften
Verpack-Rundschau Techn.-Wiss. Beilage
(1977)
J.C. Sherlock et al.
Rate of dissolution of tin from tinplate in oxygen-free citrate solutions, I, Assessment by polarization measurements
Br. Corrosion J.
(1972)
P. Marsal
La sulfuration des boites en fer-blanc
Boletin del Centre de Recherches du Fer-Blanc
(1979)
H.A.W. Blundstone
Factors affecting corrosivity, II,Storage studies
J.E. Charbonneau
Corrosion manifestation: Type of container corrosion
W. Harrison et al.
Electrochemical Aspects of Tinplate Corrosion
S.C. Britton
Tin vs. corrosion

C.H. Mannheim et al.

Internal corrosion and shelf-life of food cans and methods of evaluation

CRC Critical Rev. Fd. Sc. Nutrition

(1982)

C. Cabezas et al.

Techniques combination for the study of the solid on electrochemical tinplates

K. Jewell

Measurements of headspace gases in canned foods

Campden Food Research Association Technical Memo. 166

(1977)

Cited by (50)

Effect of tramp oil ingress in cold rolling oil bath leading to white spot defect on CRCA at Tinplate mill
2022, Engineering Failure Analysis
Citation Excerpt :
Tin plated coils are used in food processing industry and shipping containers as tin is non-toxic and ductile. Ductility allows easier formability into can shaped containers without damaging the tin coating [1–6]. Before tinplating process, the process of manufacturing cold rolled steel sheet of desired dimensions and properties is very important.
Cationic rolling oils for cold rolled steel manufacturing is based on dispersion technology. Cationic surfactants present in rolling oil allows the oil to remain dispersed in water phase thus aiding lubrication. During operational conditions, tramp oil ingress in the form of lube oil, hydraulic oil and grease often happens and it remain dispersed in roll coolant bath in smaller quantity without creating any surface blemishes on cold rolled steel. During an unprecedented mechanical shutdown in Tin plate cold rolling mill, after mill startup random white spot defect with greyish centre suddenly started appearing on cold rolled sheet leading to quality deviations and mass rejections. Prolonged shutdown disturbed the overall equilibrium condition of the tramp oil dispersion within the rolling oil emulsion. This study highlights the role of tramp oil separation within the rolling oil bath leading to the defect initiation. The deposition of alkaline cleaner during the ECL process further retards the burn off properties of the tramp oil resulting in the defect formation. Techniques like microscopy, SEM-EDS and Raman spectroscopy were employed to understand the nature and morphology of the defect formation whereas TGA and XRF were employed to investigate and identify the probable source.
Influence of Tensile Strain on the Corrosion Behavior of Tinplate in 0.1 mol/L NaCl Solution
2022, International Journal of Electrochemical Science
The corrosion behavior of tinplate with different tensile strain in 0.1 mol/L NaCl solution was investigated by using polarization curve, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and immersion tests. The surface morphology of tinplate before and after immersion was observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM), and the content of iron ions dissolved in NaCl solution was determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICP-MS). The experimental results showed that with the increasing of tensile strain the deformed tinplate has a lower thickness and a higher surface roughness, meanwhile the density of slip bands and defects on the tinplate is also increased. In NaCl solution, the deformed tinplate has a positive corrosion potential and a lower polarization resistance, and the corrosion current density and concentration of iron ions dissolved in solution are both raised with the increasing of tensile strain. Based on these results, the relationship between the corrosion rate and tensile strain of tinplate was built and discussed.
Structural characterization and barrier properties of hybrid sol-gel films applied on tinplate
2017, Surface and Coatings Technology
Citation Excerpt :
Thus, the commercial tinplate is a complex stratified system that essentially consists in tin electroplating on cold-rolled, low carbon steel; after that, it is submitted to a flow-melting process resulting a tin-iron alloy, FeSn2, which protects the steel to aggressive species. The outer layer is made by chromium and tin oxides obtaining from a passivation treatment, that prevents tin oxide growth and sulfuration processes [14]. One important aspect to take into consideration is the chemical nature of the foodstuff that can corrode the can.
Several hybrid sol-gel formulations applied on tinplate were studied. The organic precursor was vinyltrimethoxysilane (VTMS) and the inorganic one was tetraethylorthosilane (TEOS). The characterization was performed by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Energy Dispersive X-ray (EDX) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR). The optimization of the curing parameters was made by kinetics analysis based on Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) measurements. The barrier properties were evaluated by Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) technique.
The results indicated that only sol-gel solutions with high inorganic precursor ratios are able to form a continuous film, necessary to provide good barrier properties. Thus, tinplate coated with 25% VTMS and 75% TEOS formulation exhibited the better protection properties in the studied medium.
Assessment of ZnO nanoparticles as anticorrosive pigment in hybrid sol–gel films
2016, Progress in Organic Coatings
The present work is focused on the study of sol–gel hybrid films doped with 0.5% (w/w) ZnO nanoparticles and applied on commercial tinplate. The sol–gel matrix was prepared from two precursors: tetra-n-propoxyzirconium (TPOZ) and 3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (GPTMS). The incorporation of particles was carried out by two procedures: as received or after functionalization with GPTMS precursor.
The interfacial chemistry of the ZnO was studied by the evaluation of the particle size (hydrodynamic diameter) and the zeta potential. The obtained results indicated that particle size was not affected by the chemical treatment. However the zeta potential changed from positive values (+19 mV) for as received ZnO, to negative ones (−44 mV) when they were treated, which corroborated the effectiveness of the functionalization process.
The anticorrosive properties of the sol–gel films were evaluated by Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) technique. The results showed a clear effect of ZnO nanoparticles on the barrier properties of the film, which was more evident when those had been functionalized. An additional inhibiting action was proposed, based on the higher impedance values observed for doped samples.
Effects of reflowing temperature and time on alloy layer of tinplate and its electrochemical behavior in 3.5% NaCl solution
2014, Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China (English Edition)
Effects of reflowing temperature and time on the alloy layer of tinplate and its electrochemical behavior in 3.5% NaCl solution were investigated by electrochemical measurements and surface characterization. It is found that the amount of alloy layer increases with the increase of reflowing temperature and time. Then the corrosion potential of detinned tinplate shifts positively and the corrosion rate decreases. After being coupled with tin, the detinned tinplate acts as cathode and tin acts as anode initially. However, after being exposed for some time, the potential shifts of both detinned tinplate and tin reverse the polarity of the coupling system. The galvanic current density decreases with the increase of reflowing temperature and time.
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy investigation of commercial passivated tinplate surface layer
2013, Applied Surface Science
Citation Excerpt :
This passivation film is effective against the formation of tin oxides and corrosion by food media, offering a good substrate for the adhesion of lacquer. Due to the importance of tinplate surface passivation, researches in this area have been carried out by different teams [5,6]. But the detailed surface layer structure has seldom been analyzed carefully.
X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) combined with the low energy Ar⁺ sputtering technique has been used to investigate the chemical compositions and chemical states of elements at different depths of commercial passivated tinplate surface layer. It is found that Cr₂O₃, SnO, Cr(OH)₃, metallic Sn and a small amount of metallic Cr have been mixed in this layer. According to peak fitting and relative sensitivity factor method, the concentrations of elements in various chemical environments on different depth planes of the passivated tinplate surface layer have been obtained.

View all citing articles on Scopus

View full text

Observations on the influence of microstructure on electrolytic tinplate corrosion

Abstract

Corrosion Sci.

Progress in materials for can stock and future trends

ISII International

Current view on tinplate cans

Revista Ibérica

Elektrochemische Untersuchungen zum Einfluss von nitrat und Nitrit auf die Ausgangruhepotentiale und den Kurz-chulsstrom des Elementes Eissen/Zinn in Fruchtsäuren und säften

Verpack-Rundschau Techn.-Wiss. Beilage

Rate of dissolution of tin from tinplate in oxygen-free citrate solutions, I, Assessment by polarization measurements

Br. Corrosion J.

La sulfuration des boites en fer-blanc

Boletin del Centre de Recherches du Fer-Blanc

Factors affecting corrosivity, II,Storage studies

Corrosion manifestation: Type of container corrosion

Electrochemical Aspects of Tinplate Corrosion

Tin vs. corrosion

Internal corrosion and shelf-life of food cans and methods of evaluation

CRC Critical Rev. Fd. Sc. Nutrition

Techniques combination for the study of the solid on electrochemical tinplates

Measurements of headspace gases in canned foods

Campden Food Research Association Technical Memo. 166