Spontaneous lepton-number violation and de-leptonization in stellar collapse

doi:10.1016/0550-3213(83)90069-X

Nuclear Physics B

Volume 223, Issue 2, 22 August 1983, Pages 532-541

https://doi.org/10.1016/0550-3213(83)90069-X Get rights and content

Abstract

We consider core collapse in weak interaction models where global lepton-number invariance is spontaneously broken. We find that the initial neutrino number prevents finite temperature restoration of lepton-number conservation. Assuming the lepton-number violating reactions occur rapidly, we show that the neutrino number is driven to a sufficiently small value to allow electron capture reactions to de-leptonize the core, and lead to a high-entropy collapse.

References (11)

G.B. Gelmini et al.
Phys. Lett.
(1981)
G.B. Gelmini et al.
Nucl. Phys.
(1982)
E.W. Kolb et al.
Ap. J. Lett.
(1982)
V. Barger et al.
Phys. Rev.
(1981)
T. Goldman et al.
Phys. Rev.
(1982)
H. Georgi et al.
Nucl. Phys.
(1981)

There are more references available in the full text version of this article.

Cited by (15)

Pulsar kicks from majoron emission
2005, Physics Letters, Section B: Nuclear, Elementary Particle and High-Energy Physics
Astrophysical methods to constrain axions and other novel particle phenomena
1990, Physics Reports
Various extensions of the standard model of elementary particle interactions predict the existence of new particles such as axions, or “exotic” properties of known particles such as neutrino magnetic moments. If these particles are sufficiently light, they emerge in large numbers from the hot and dense interior of stellar bodies. For appropriate ranges of particle parameters, this “invisible” energy loss would lead to observable changes in the evolution of stars. We review the theoretical methods as well as the observational data that have been employed in order to use stars as “particle physics laboratories” in the spirit of this argument. The resulting constraints on the properties of axions are systematically explored, and the application of the general methods to other cases are mentioned and referenced. Cosmological axion bounds and experiments involving galactic or solar axions are briefly reviewed.
Matter-induced neutrino decay and supernova 1987A
1989, Physics Letters B
Due to coherent interaction with matter the neutrino could decay into an antineutrino and a majoron: $v→ v ̃ +ψ$ or vice versa, $v ̃ →v+ψ$ . The properties of this decay are analysed in some detail and the implications for the supernova explosion and accompanied neutrino burst are discussed. Using the data on the v-signal from SN1987A the upper bound on the v_ev_eψ interaction constant is obtained: h<10⁻⁶.
Neutronization neutrino pulses from supernovae and the triplet majoron model
1988, Physics Letters B
We address a possible implication of the triplet majoron (TM) model for neutrino pulses from supernovae. If the ν_eν_e-majoron coupling is ≅0.7×10⁻³, suggested by one of the recent ββ-decay experiments, equilibration of ν-species via ν_eν_e→ν _ην_η(ν_τν_τ), occurs on a time scale ∼ 10⁻⁴ s. Rapid equilibration followed by decay in flight via $ν(ν_{τ})→ ν_{e} +χ^{0}$ , could dramatically enhance. the probability of observing neutronization neutrinos, even for g_ηe²≅g_τe²≅10⁻¹⁸. This effect would make nearby supernovae sensitive tests of TM models.
Neutrino mixing, decays and supernova 1987A
1988, Physics Letters B
We discuss the evolution of neutrino beams in the presence of both flavor mixing and decays, and give a careful discussion of the implications of the supernova 1987A observations for neutrino mixing angles and lifetimes. Although the observation of electron antineutrinos from SN 1987A naively implies a lower bound on the electron neutrino lifetime $τ_{ve} >5.7×10^{5} (m_{ve} eV$ )s, neutrino mixing must be taken into account when using this to place constraints on particle physics models with neutrino decay. In models with large mixing angles, a short lifetime for the neutrino with large electron neutrino component cannot be ruled out.
The Majoron and left-handed neutrino masses in SU(5)
1984, Nuclear Physics, Section B
We consider the spontaneous breaking of B−L in SU(5) in connection with left-handed neutrino masses. We show that the ensuing Goldstone boson, “the majoron”, is harmless. The low-energy predictions are the same as in the SU(2)_L × U(1) majoron model which, in particular, predicts the existence of doubly and singly charged scalars, with masses ≲250 GeV and with a mass ratio of √2. Going to SU(5), one would expect these scalars to escape to the grand unified mass. This does not happen and, surprisingly, even the ratio √2 is preserved.

View all citing articles on Scopus

View full text

Spontaneous lepton-number violation and de-leptonization in stellar collapse

Abstract

Phys. Lett.

Nucl. Phys.

Ap. J. Lett.

Phys. Rev.

Phys. Rev.

Nucl. Phys.