FocusRecurrent cutaneous leishmaniasis: A role for persistent parasites?
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Cited by (73)
Leishmania Species: Visceral (Kala-Azar), Cutaneous, and Mucosal Leishmaniasis
2014, Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett's Principles and Practice of Infectious DiseasesDetection of Leishmania parasites in the blood of patients with isolated cutaneous leishmaniasis
2011, International Journal of Infectious DiseasesCitation Excerpt :The hematogenous dissemination of the parasite has been considered responsible for the metastatic forms of cutaneous leishmaniasis. An event observed so far only in Central and South America, many researchers in the field have demonstrated metastasis by various means.21,32–34 Meanwhile several researchers have attempted parasite isolation from peripheral blood, but few have been successful35 and several others have failed.21,32
Repeated inoculation of killed Leishmania major induces durable immune response that protects mice against virulent challenge
2010, VaccineCitation Excerpt :The failure of heat-killed Leishmania vaccines to induce significant protection or durable immunity has been attributed in part to their inability to induce sustained anti-Leishmania memory cells [8,29]. In contrast, recovery from natural or deliberate infection (such as leishmanization) results in long-term immunity, attributable to persistence of live parasites [5,30,31]. The failure of heat-killed vaccines may also be related to the fact that appropriate adjuvants and/or delivery systems may not have been used/optimized in these studies.
Global gene expression in Leishmania
2007, International Journal for ParasitologyHaematogenous dissemination of Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis in human American tegumentary leishmaniasis
2006, Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and HygieneCutaneous leishmaniasis in the returning traveler
2005, Infectious Disease Clinics of North AmericaCitation Excerpt :Leishmaniasis is a well-known opportunistic coinfection seen in late stage AIDS patients and other immunocompromised patients. Leishmania parasites, especially L braziliensis in the New World and L tropica in the Old World, are not eradicated with successful drug therapy even in normal hosts [55,108,111]. Because Leishmania parasites are not eradicated with drug treatment, there is a risk of developing reactivation disease if the patient becomes immunocompromised with late-stage HIV infection [112,113], use of immunosuppressive drugs associated with transplantation [114], and chronic steroid use [115].