Contrast sensitivity of optokinetic nystagmus

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Abstract

To determine the threshold characteristics of optokinetic nystagmus (OKN), contrast thresholds for involuntary OKN were measured for gratings of different spatial frequency to yield an OKN-contrast sensitivity function (OKN-CSF). The OKN-CSF resembled an inverted U-shaped function with temporal-to-nasal and nasal-to-temporal movement yielding similar functions. In addition, when psychophysical CSFs were determined for separate form and movement thresholds, it was discovered that the OKN-CSF approximated the psychophysical-movement CSF rather than the psychophysical-form CSF.

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      In addition, correlations between participants' AQ scores and the properties of fast phase OKN (i.e., mean eye position, peak velocity, and duration) were not found. Look-OKN and stare-OKN are characterized by low frequencies (<1 Hz) and high frequencies (1–5 Hz), respectively (Leguire et al., 1991). It is presumed that stare-OKN occurred as we intended because the frequency of OKN in the present study was 1.5–2.3 Hz.

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      Look OKN, a voluntary response that involves cortical activation, is characterized by large-amplitude, low-frequency, alternating voluntary pursuit and saccadic eye movements. In contrast, stare OKN is an involuntary, more subcortical response that consists of low-amplitude, high-frequency alternating eye movements.443–446 Various cortical, subcortical, and cerebellar structures are involved in the OKR, including those related to saccadic and smooth pursuit pathways.216,442,447

    • Instruction dependent activation during optokinetic nystagmus (OKN) stimulation: An FMRI study at 3 T

      2010, Brain Research
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      It has been suggested that the terms stare OKN and look OKN be used to imply a distinction between conscious and unconscious regard of the target movement, respectively (Ter Braak, 1936; Holm-Jensen, 1984). Leguire et al. (1991) stated that the two main types of OKN are look, which is voluntary, and stare, which is involuntary. Look OKN is characterized by large amplitude (e.g., > 5° va) and low frequency (e.g., < 1 Hz) alternating voluntary pursuit and saccadic eye movements.

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