Elsevier

Virology

Volume 60, Issue 2, August 1974, Pages 491-502
Virology

Relation of lipopolysaccharide character to P1 sensitivity in Salmonella typhimurium

https://doi.org/10.1016/0042-6822(74)90343-2Get rights and content

Abstract

Phage P1clr (a variant of P1kc), grown on an LT2 derivative so as to be appropriately modified, was tested for ability to produce plaques on numerous Salmonella typhimurium strains of different lipopolysaccharide (LPS) character: the rate of irreversible adsorption of P1clr by representative strains was measured. It appeared that the P1-resistance of wild-type (i.e., smooth) S. typhimurium (and of some classes of rough mutant) results from failure to adsorb the phage. P1clr plated efficiently only on the four LPS classes which are sensitive to phage C21 and make either galactose-deficient (classes galE and rfaH) or glucose-deficient incomplete core LPS (classes rfaG and galU). Rates of adsorption ≥ 40 > 10−11/bacterium/min. were observed only for bacteria unable to make UDPgalactose, either by point mutation at galE or by deletion of the gal operon. A low, variable e.o.p. (usually 10−5 to 10−6 was obtained on mutants making complete core LPS, either without 0 chains (classes rfb, pmi, and rfaL) or with only single 0 units (class rfaF). Phage P1clr had no detectable effect on smooth strains or mutants with various other LPS core defects. Phage P1cm had the same host-range, except that it plated efficiently on some strains on which P1clr plated with low and variable efficiency; it converted some P1-sensitive strains to chloramphenicolresistance, but the number of resistant colonies obtained was always less than the number of plaques produced.

Phage P1clr grown on E. coli K12 plated efficiently on galE, etc., derivatives of an LT2 line made restriction-negative by mutations at hspLT and hspS, but did not plate (e.o.p. < 10−3) on LT2 galE wild-type for restriction.

References (33)

  • C. Colson et al.

    A new Salm. typhimurium DNA host specificity

    J. Gen. Microbiol.

    (1971)
  • K. Floyd et al.

    Deoxygalactose resistance in E. coli

    J. Bacteriol

    (1974)
  • N.C. Franklin

    Mutation in galU gene of E. coli blocks phage P1 infection

    Virology

    (1969)
  • P. Gemski et al.

    Transduction by bacteriophage P22 in nonsmooth mutants of S. typhimurium

    J. Bacteriol.

    (1967)
  • C. Godard et al.

    Apparition de sensibilités aux phages T et a des colicines chez Shigella flexneri F6S survivant à l'infection par un phage Lisbonne. I. Modification des propriétés biologiques de surface

    Ann. Inst. Pasteur

    (1971)
  • C.G. Hellerqvist et al.

    Structural studies on the common core polysaccharide from Salmonella typhimurium

    Carbohyd. Res.

    (1971)
  • Cited by (45)

    • The Role of O-antigen in P1 Transduction of Shigella flexneri and Escherichia coli with its Alternative S' Tail Fibre

      2022, Journal of Molecular Biology
      Citation Excerpt :

      Furthermore, quantification of P1(S') transduction efficiency on various Gram-negative Enterobactericae, coupled with structural studies of the P1(S') tail fibre as well as the use of synthetic glycans mimicking different regions of LPS oligosaccharides, will help in identifying its receptor and the mechanisms behind P1(S') adsorption. Earlier studies suggested that P1(S) tail fibre recognises the terminal glucose molecule on the outer LPS core without discriminating the orientation of a glycosidic bond.16,49,56 Indeed, glucose molecule is present in the LPS of E. coli and S. flexneri strains tested in our study, which is consistent with the fact that P1(S) infected most of these bacteria.

    • Natural lysogenization and transduction in Salmonella enterica serovar Choleraesuis by bacteriophage P1

      2013, Research in Microbiology
      Citation Excerpt :

      However, when P1cml,clr100 was prepared from a serovar Choleraesuis lysogen (with a low yield of ∼2 × 106 pfu/ml) and used to infect the wild-type strain of Choleraesuis, the frequency of lysogenization was about 4 × 10−3 lysogens/pfu, an observation that suggests additional difficulties for infection over the effect of restriction. P1 resistance in serovars of Salmonella other than Choleraesuis seems to be due to blockage of P1 adsorption by the O antigen (Ornellas and Stocker, 1974). However, serovar Choleraesuis belonging to group C1, possessing antigen O6,7 (LeMinor, 1991) displays less hindrance to infection by P1, a fact that might reflect increased availability particular to the O6,7 antigen.

    • Genetic Manipulation of Pathogenicity Loci in Non-Typhimurium Salmonella

      2012, Journal of Microbiological Methods
      Citation Excerpt :

      Despite its close relatedness to these species, Salmonella strains are resistant to P1. However, mutations in the galE gene confer sensitivity to phage P1 in serovar Typhimurium LT2 (Ornellas and Stocker, 1974); these mutants are unable to epimerize UDP-glucose to UDP-galactose, a required building block for the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) core antigen that forms the foundation for anchoring the O-antigen to the outer membrane (Figure S1). UDP-galactose is also required by many Salmonella serovars to initiate O-antigen biosynthesis (Samuel and Reeves, 2003).

    View all citing articles on Scopus

    This work was supported by Public Health Service Research Grant AI-07168 and Public Health Service Training Grant AI-82 from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases.

    2

    Present address: Urology Research, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114.

    View full text