Elsevier

Virology

Volume 46, Issue 1, October 1971, Pages 106-116
Virology

Phospholipid composition of Rous sarcoma virus, host cell membranes and other enveloped RNA viruses

https://doi.org/10.1016/0042-6822(71)90010-9Get rights and content

Abstract

Rous sarcoma virus (RSV) grown in chick embryo fibroblasts (CEF) and purified by several procedures was analyzed for chemical and phospholipid composition. The purified virus is composed of 64% protein, 1.9% RNA, 6% hexose, and 31% lipid. Sphingomyelin, phosphatidylcholine, and phosphatidylethanolamine are the major phospholipids, comprising 29%, 28%, and 30%, respectively, of the total viral phospholipid. Plasma membranes isolated from both RSV-infected and uninfected CEF were also analyzed for phospholipid; no significant difference was detected in the composition of these two membranes. While the phospholipid pattern of RSV broadly resembles that of the host cell membrane from which the virion is released by budding, the viral phospholipids contain a significantly higher proportion of sphingomyelin and lower phosphatidylcholine than do those of the plasma membrane. The phospholipids of Newcastle disease, Sindbis, and Sendai viruses, also grown in CEF, have been analyzed; the patterns are the same as that found for RSV. This similarity suggests that the requirements of “budding” during maturation, or subsequent adsorption to host cells, may impose restrictions on the lipid composition of these otherwise different viruses. These studies, and others dealing with kinetics of phospholipid synthesis, do not implicate phospholipid metabolism in transformation by oncogenic viruses.

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