Incorporation of Δ6- and Δ5-desaturation fatty acids in liver microsomal lipid classes of obese Zucker rats fed n − 6 or n − 3 fatty acids

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Abstract

The aim of this work was to study the effect of dietary n − 6 (as borage oil) and of n − 3 (as fish oil) fatty acids on the incorporation — in liver microsomal lipid classes — of fatty acids involved in Δ6- and Δ5-desaturations in obese Zucker rat compared with their lean littermates and with Wistar control rats. We observed that body and liver weights were decreased when obese Zucker rats were fed the fish oil diet. The major part of the radioactivity was recovered, in the obese Zucker rats, into the neutral lipids and especially into the triacylglycerols, while it was recovered into the phospholipid classes, especially into phosphatidylcholine, in the two other strains. Results show, in all phenotypes, an increased α-linolenic acid Δ6-desaturation in PL classes when the rats were fed the fish oil diet. However, a decreased linoleic acid Δ6- and Δ5-desaturation was observed in obese Zucker rats fed the fish oil diet. The fish oil diet favours the n − 3 fatty acid biosynthesis and incorporation into liver microsomal lipid classes to the prejudice of the n − 6 fatty acid series. The fatty acid incorporation is simultaneously regulated by the genetical phenotype and dietary fatty acids.

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