American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics
Systematic reviewCorrection of Class II malocclusion with Class II elastics: A systematic review
Section snippets
Material and methods
With the objective to determine the most frequent uses and the main effects of Class II elastics in Class II malocclusion treatment, a search was performed in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, Medline, and Cochrane databases, complemented by a hand search, with no date limitation (Table I). The keywords were chosen with the help of a senior librarian.
To be accepted in this review, the application of Class II elastics in Class II malocclusion treatment should have been used in the clinical
Results
In total, 417 articles were retrieved. Starting from PubMed, a comparison between bases was made to eliminate duplicated articles. As a result, 162 articles were retrieved from these databases.
Among the 162 retrieved articles, 11 dealt with clinical studies of Class II elastics applied in Class II malocclusion correction. When we separated the articles based on the type of study, 4 articles fell into the category of elastics only, with Class II elastics used to treat Class II malocclusions
Discussion
The aim of this systematic review was to obtain every article on Class II elastics published in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, Medline, and Cochrane databases, and by hand searching. This sort of review reduces the tendency to favor 1 particular point of view and allows acquiring all data published in the most respected journals, indexed in these databases.
From the 162 retrieved articles, only 11 met the final criteria and were selected for this review. With these data, we determined
Conclusions
Class II elastics are effective in correcting Class II malocclusions, and their effects are mainly dentoalveolar, including lingual tipping, retrusion, and extrusion of the maxillary incisors; labial tipping and intrusion of the mandibular incisors; and mesialization and extrusion of the mandibular molars. Little attention has been given to the soft-tissue effects of this treatment modality.
These effects are similar on a long-term basis to those produced by functional appliances; this places
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The authors report no commercial, proprietary, or financial interest in the products or companies described in this article.