Elsevier

Metabolism

Volume 45, Issue 9, September 1996, Pages 1130-1135
Metabolism

Effects of vanadyl sulfate on carbohydrate and lipid metabolism in patients with non—insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus

https://doi.org/10.1016/S0026-0495(96)90013-XGet rights and content

Abstract

The safety and efficacy of vanadyl sulfate (VS) was tested in a single-blind, placebo-controlled study. Eight patients (four men and four women) with non—insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) received VS (50 mg twice daily orally) for 4 weeks. Six of these patients (four men and two women) continued in the study and were given a placebo for an additional 4 weeks. Euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamps were performed before and after the VS and placebo phases. VS was associated with gastrointestinal side effects in six of eight patients during the first week, but was well tolerated after that. VS administration was associated with a 20% decrease in fasting glucose concentration (from 9.3 ± 1.8 to 7.4 ± 1.4 mmol/L, P < .05) and a decrease in hepatic glucose output (HGO) during hyperinsulinemia (from 5.0 ± 1.0 pre-VS to 3.1 ± 0.9 μmol/kg · min post-VS, P < .02). The improvement in fasting plasma glucose and HGO that occurred during VS treatment was maintained during the placebo phase. VS had no significant effects on rates of total-body glucose uptake, glycogen synthesis, glycolysis, carbohydrate (CHO) oxidation, or lipolysis during euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamps. We conclude that VS at the dose used was well tolerated and resulted in modest reductions of fasting plasma glucose and hepatic insulin resistance. However, the safety of larger doses and use of vanadium salts for longer periods remains uncertain.

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      Human studies identified in the literature search included nine controlled trials that administered vanadyl sulfate or sodium metavanadate directly to study participants. Of the controlled human trials, seven were conducted in diabetic patients for the purpose of evaluating the therapeutic effects of vanadium supplementation, with treatment durations of 2–6 weeks (Afkhami-Arekani et al., 2008; Cusi et al., 2001; Goldfine et al., 2000; Boden et al., 1996; Halberstam et al., 1996; Cohen et al., 1995; Goldfine et al., 1995); one evaluated effects of vanadium supplementation on insulin sensitivity in healthy adults, with a treatment duration of 7 days; and one evaluated effects of vanadium supplementation in weight training athletes, with a treatment duration of 12 weeks (Fawcett et al., 1997). The literature search also identified 39 observational epidemiology studies, which evaluated the association of health outcomes with total vanadium but the specific form of vanadium was not determined.

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    Supported by a Clinical Research Grant (G.B.) and a mentor-based postdoctoral fellowship grant (X.C.) from the American Diabetes Association, and by National Institutes of Health Grants No. R01-AG07988 and R01-AA-10221 (G.B.) and Grant No. RR-00349 from the National Center for Research Resources, General Clinical Research Center Branch.

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