The ant-gathering behaviour by the use of tools among wild chimpanzees of the Mahali Mountains
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Cited by (110)
Zoon politikon: The evolutionary origins of human socio-political systems
2019, Behavioural ProcessesCitation Excerpt :Chimpanzees use sticks fashioned from tree branches to impale bushbabies in their tree hollow hiding places (Pruetz and Bertolani, 2007; Gibbons, 2007), so the use of sharpened sticks was thus likely within the cognitive capacity of H. habilis. However, there is a considerable distance between using sharp sticks as impaling devices and as well-aimed projectiles (Nishida, 1973). The first dedicated and unambiguously lethal weapons to appear with excellent preservation in the archeological record are the multiple all-wooden spears documented by Thieme (1997) at Schöningen, with over a dozen butchered wild horses and some bison located nearby.
The energetic and nutritional yields from insectivory for Kasekela chimpanzees
2014, Journal of Human EvolutionCitation Excerpt :Using insect remains identified from feces as an indirect measure of consumption (which they acknowledge was likely an underestimate), they concluded that only the intake of manganese (Mn) from insects reached the estimated recommended intake (ERI) for chimpanzees, while only iron (Fe) from insects reached the ERI for gorillas. Nishida and colleagues (Nishida, 1973; Nishida and Hiraiwa, 1982) dismissed the estimated protein yields from ant-fishing by Mahale chimpanzees as negligible, though did not rule out that consumption might yield important micronutrients. Using Deblauwe and Janssens' (2008) nutritional data, Nishie (2011) confirmed that the average macro- and micro-nutritional yields from ant-fishing for Camponotus by M-group Mahale chimpanzees were negligible, and concurred with Nishida and Hiraiwa that this behavior may be a leisure rather than subsistence activity for this community.