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Representational Structure of Suicide by College Students and Its Psychosocial Brands

Estrutura Representacional do Suicídio por Universitários e seus Marca(Dores) Psicossociais

Estructura Representacional del Suicidio por Estudiantes Universitarios y sus Marca(Dores) Psicosociales

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Abstract

This study aimed to identify the social representations of suicide elaborated by undergraduate and post-graduate students from Brazil. There were a number of 1053 undergraduate (37.1%) and post-graduate (62.9%) students, with an average age of 26.82 (SD = 5.88), mainly females (76.4%) who reside in the south-eastern region of Brazil (41.7%). For data collection, two questionnaires were utilized, a socio-demographic one and another that refers to the Free Word Association Technique. Data were analyzed by the software IRaMuTeQ, which allowed the execution of prototypical analyses as well as similarity ones. Results from these analyses indicate that the representational structure of suicide, created by these students, is organized around a central core that evinces the consolidation of a suicide representation directly linked to death and psychological factors, such as sadness, pain, depression, desperation, and suffering; also, there are differences on the ways to represent suicide as a function of the education level and the field of knowledge variables according to the participants. Generally speaking, the analyses developed point to the presence of psychosocial brands in the way suicide is represented, which must be taken into consideration when building interventions focused on preventing it for college students.

O objetivo desse estudo consistiu em identificar as representações sociais do suicídio elaboradas por estudantes de graduação e pós-graduação do Brasil. Contou-se com 1.053 estudantes graduandos (37,1%) e pós-graduandos (62,9%), com média de idade de 26,82 (DP =5,88), prevalentemente do sexo feminino (76,4%) e residentes na região Sudeste do Brasil (41,7%). Para a coleta de dados, utilizaram-se dois questionários, um sociodemográfico e outro referente à Técnica de Associação Livre de Palavras (TALP). Os dados foram analisados através do software IRaMuTeQ, que permitiu realizar as análises prototípicas e de similitude. Os resultados destas análises indicaram que a estrutura representacional do suicídio, elaboradas por tais estudantes, organizam- se em torno de um núcleo central que evidencia a consolidação de uma representação do suicídio diretamente associada à morte e a fatores psicológicos, como tristeza, dor, depressão, desespero e sofrimento; e que existem diferenças nas formas de representar o suicídio em função das variáveis nível de escolaridade e área de conhecimento dos participantes. Em linhas gerais, as duas análises sinalizam a presença de marca(dores) psicossociais nas representações do suicídio, que devem ser levados em consideração na construção de intervenções voltadas para a prevenção do suicídio nesse público.

El objetivo de este estudio fue identificar las representaciones sociales del suicidio desarrolladas por estudiantes de pregrado y posgrado en Brasil. Hubo 1,053 estudiantes de pregrado (37.1%) y estudiantes de posgrado (62.9%), con una edad promedio de 26.82 (SD=5.88), predominantemente mujeres (76.4%) y residentes en la región sudeste de Brasil (41.7%). Para la recopilación de datos, se utilizaron dos cuestionarios, uno sociodemográfico y otro referido a la técnica de asociación de palabras libres (TALP). Los datos se analizaron usando el software IRaMuTeQ, que permitió realizar análisis prototípicos y de similitud. Los resultados de estos análisis indicaron que la estructura representativa del suicidio, elaborada por tales estudiantes, se organiza alrededor de un núcleo central que evidencia la consolidación de una representación del suicidio directamente asociada con la muerte y factores psicológicos, como la tristeza, el dolor, la depresión, desesperación y sufrimiento; y que existen diferencias en las formas de representar el suicidio debido a las variables nivel de educación y área de conocimiento de los participantes. En general, los dos análisis indican la presencia de marcas psicosociales (dolores) en las representaciones de suicidio, que deben tenerse en cuenta en la construcción de intervenciones destinadas a prevenir el suicidio en este público.

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Acknowledgments

The National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq).

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We attest that the authors cited participated equally in the conception and revisions that resulted in this paper, that is, (a) conception and outline of the work and participation in the discussion of results; (b) writing of the manuscript and critical review of its content; and (c) approval of the final version of the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Maria Edna Silva de Alexandre.

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Committee for Ethics in Research on Human Beings, number of registry 3.624.94, and Certificate of Presentation for Ethics Appreciation 20337819.1.0000.5188.

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Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants included in the study.

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de Alexandre, M.E.S., Bezerra, V.A.d. & Do Bú, E.A. Representational Structure of Suicide by College Students and Its Psychosocial Brands. Trends in Psychol. 29, 222–240 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s43076-020-00041-3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s43076-020-00041-3

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