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Evaluation of Maternal Reproductive Outcomes and Biochemical Analysis from Wistar Audiogenic Rats (WAR) and Repercussions in Their Offspring

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Abstract

The objective of the present study was to evaluate maternal reproductive performance, body weight, and frequency of external and internal anomalies of newborns of Wistar Audiogenic Rat (WAR) females as compared with Wistar rats. The adult WAR and Wistar rats were mated within their respective strains. After confirming the pregnancy, the body weights were weekly evaluated. On day 21 of pregnancy, the female rats were anesthetized and sacrificed to evaluate the maternal reproductive outcomes and biochemical profile, newborn weight, and external and internal anomalies. The WAR strain gained less weight during the pregnancy and presented hyperproteinemia, hypertriglyceridemia, and embryonic losses concerning Wistar rats, suggesting an inadequate intrauterine condition for embryonic development and fetal viability. WAR also presented a higher percentage of newborns classified as small for gestational age related to intrauterine growth restriction, which was confirmed by the lower number of ossification centers. There was a higher percentage of skeletal anomalies compared with fetuses of the Wistar dams, confirming their greater susceptibility during the formation and development of their skeletal system. Thus, the WAR presents physiological alterations compromising the viability of their embryos and fetuses, leading to impaired development of the newborns.

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Acknowledgments

The authors thank Mr. Danilo Chaguri, the technician responsible for the Laboratory of Experimental Research in Gynecology and Obstetrics, for the handling of the animals and assistance in the surgeries.

Funding

This study was financed by the CNPq for the fellowship to B.T. Antunes. N. Garcia-Cairasco, and CAPES and FAPESP for grants associated with the WAR selection and maintenance. D.C. Damasceno and N. Garcia-Cairasco hold CNPq Research Fellowships.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Tocogynecology Postgraduate Course, Laboratory of Experimental Research on Gynecology and Obstetrics, Botucatu Medical School, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil

    Rafaianne Q. Moraes-Souza, Yuri K. Sinzato, Beatriz T. Antunes & Débora Cristina Damasceno

  2. Laboratory of System Physiology and Reproductive Toxicology, Institute of Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Mato Grosso (UFMT), Barra do Garças, Mato Grosso, Brazil

    Rafaianne Q. Moraes-Souza & Gustavo T. Volpato

  3. Faculty of Medicine, University Center Unicerrado, Goiatuba, Goiás, Brazil

    Eduardo H. L. Umeoka, José Antônio C. Oliveira & Norberto Garcia-Cairasco

  4. Neurosciences and Behavioral Sciences Department and Physiology Department, Ribeirão Preto School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil

    Eduardo H. L. Umeoka

  5. Joslin Diabetes Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA

    Barshana Karki

  6. Departamento de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia, Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu - UNESP, Distrito de Rubião Júnior s/n, Botucatu, SP, 18603-970, Brazil

    Débora Cristina Damasceno

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  1. Rafaianne Q. Moraes-Souza
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  2. Yuri K. Sinzato
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  3. Beatriz T. Antunes
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  4. Eduardo H. L. Umeoka
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  5. José Antônio C. Oliveira
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  6. Norberto Garcia-Cairasco
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  7. Barshana Karki
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  8. Gustavo T. Volpato
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  9. Débora Cristina Damasceno
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Contributions

Rafaianne Queiroz Moraes-Souza, Yuri Karen Sinzato, Gustavo Tadeu Volpato, and Débora Cristina Damasceno designed the study. Rafaianne Queiroz Moraes-Souza and Beatriz Tambasco Antunes collected the data. Norberto Garcia-Cairasco and José Antônio C. Oliveira donated WAR strain for the study. Rafaianne Queiroz Moraes-Souza, Yuri Karen Sinzato, Gustavo Tadeu Volpato, and Débora Cristina Damasceno performed all statistical analyses and interpreted the data. All authors drafted the work and performed final revision of the intellectual content. All authors were responsible for critical revisions and approved the final version of the manuscript.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Débora Cristina Damasceno.

Ethics declarations

The animals were maintained following the principles of Guide for Care and Use of Experimental Animals. All experimental procedures performed in this study were approved by the Ethics Committee in Animal Experimentation of UNESP-Botucatu, São Paulo State, Brazil (Protocol number 1123/2015).

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The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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Moraes-Souza, R.Q., Sinzato, Y.K., Antunes, B.T. et al. Evaluation of Maternal Reproductive Outcomes and Biochemical Analysis from Wistar Audiogenic Rats (WAR) and Repercussions in Their Offspring. Reprod. Sci. 27, 2223–2231 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s43032-020-00236-0

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