Abstract
Nanomaterials are capable of generating reactive oxygen species (ROS) due to defect-induced electronic interactions with oxygen and water stimulated by environmental and structural factors (e.g., photonic energy, band edge energy, and morphology) resulting in excellent pro-oxidant activity of nanomaterials. The pro-oxidant activities are demonstrated by the antibacterial activity of nanomaterials under different environmental conditions (e.g., varying light levels). This review examines research related to the pro-oxidant activity of metallic, non-metallic, metal oxide nanoparticles (NPs), and their composites. Moreover, there is a scavenging phenomenon for nanomaterials that manifests itself as inhibition of ROS (i.e., anti-oxidant activity) which is also dependent on the electronic property of the nanomaterials, which is examined. These nanomaterials experience a crossover between pro-oxidant and anti-oxidant activities depending on concentration, morphology, etc., which offers the nanomaterials potential for application in cancer therapy and inflammatory disease treatment.
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Acknowledgements
We acknowledge the Department of Science & Technology of the Government of India, for financial assistance for S.P. through the DST-INSPIRE program (Grant No. DST/INSPIRE Fellowship/2014/82). J.G.H. acknowledges support from a Royal Society Research Grant (Grant No. RG160449).
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Podder, S., Ghosh, C.K., Das, A. et al. Light-responsive nanomaterials with pro-oxidant and anti-oxidant activity. emergent mater. 5, 455–475 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42247-022-00361-3
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s42247-022-00361-3