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An energy-efficient data gathering scheme in underwater wireless sensor networks using a mobile sink

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Abstract

Distribution of nodes in different depths leads unbalanced energy consumption in underwater wireless sensor networks. This issue is one of the most important challenges in routing protocols based on depth because nodes with larger depth rely on smaller depth nodes to send their data to the sink through multi-hop communications. This situation applies high load on nodes with small depth as they die faster than other nodes. Besides, low bandwidth and speed of acoustic channels in the underwater environment result in increase of the probability of collision especially when several nodes send their data simultaneously and increase of delay in sending and collecting data. The aim of the proposed protocol which is called energy-efficient data gathering scheme (EEDG) is to relatively fix the aforementioned problems in three steps. Firstly, the balance of energy consumption is achieved by grouping nodes into smaller sets that are managed by temporary forwarder nodes. Forwarder nodes are responsible for gathering data from their subset nodes in one-hop communication in each round. Secondly, collision rates and packet loss are improved using the proposed MAC protocol by which ordinary nodes send their data to their forwarder nodes only at dedicated time slots. Finally, delay in data collection process from the whole network is decreased using the proposed graph structure, that is, forwarder nodes are met by the mobile sink according to the specified degree for them in the graph. Simulation results using NS2 show efficiency of the EEDG in terms of energy consumption, end-to-end delay, and throughput.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Electrical, Computer, and IT Engineering, Qazvin Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qazvin, Iran

    Fatemeh Banaeizadeh & Abolfazl Toroghi Haghighat

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  1. Fatemeh Banaeizadeh
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  2. Abolfazl Toroghi Haghighat
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Correspondence to Fatemeh Banaeizadeh.

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Banaeizadeh, F., Toroghi Haghighat, A. An energy-efficient data gathering scheme in underwater wireless sensor networks using a mobile sink. Int. j. inf. tecnol. 12, 513–522 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s41870-020-00445-5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s41870-020-00445-5

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