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Effect of Binder Rheology and Aggregate Gradation on the Permanent Deformation of Asphalt Mixtures

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Abstract

Rutting is one of the main sources of distress in asphalt pavements and has been widely studied because it influences safety and maintenance costs. To mitigate this distress, the selection of adequate asphalt binder and aggregates and an appropriate balance between them are key elements. This paper analyzed seven asphalt binders (2 neat, 3 polymer-modified, and 2 rubber-asphalt binders) and asphalt mixtures with different gradations (19-mm dense-graded and 12.5-mm gap-graded asphalt mixtures). The asphalt binders were evaluated in terms of rheology with the use of a dynamic shear rheometer (DSR) and a bending beam rheometer (BBR) to obtain the high- and low-performance grade (PG) temperatures. Additionally, multiple stress creep and recovery (MSCR) tests were performed to analyze the rutting potential of the materials at different temperatures. To evaluate the effect of the mineral skeleton on the asphalt mixtures, the Laboratoire Central des Ponts et Chaussées (LCPC) wheel tracking rutting test was performed. The polymer-modified binders (PMBs) and the asphalt mixtures produced with them were the most resistant to permanent deformation with low values of rut depth (< 2.5%). In general, the gap-graded mixtures had better resistance than the dense-graded mixtures; however, this comparison is dependent on the type of asphalt binder. Relationships between the binder and mixture parameters were also proposed and they demonstrated a good relationship between the nonrecoverable creep compliance of the binders (Jnr) and the rut depth of the dense mixtures (R2 = 0.81); however, no significant relationship was found for the gap-graded mixtures (R2 = 0.52).

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adapted from Salim et al. [15])

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to acknowledge the financial support of the Brazilian National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) and the Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES) for the research scholarships of the authors. The authors also acknowledge the support of the Arteris Concessionary.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Transportation Engineering, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil

    Rafael V. Mota, Marcia M. Takahashi, Gabriel de Souza, Iuri S. Bessa, Kamilla L. Vasconcelos & Liedi L. B. Bernucci

  2. Department of Civil, Construction, and Environmental Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA

    André K. Kuchiishi

  3. Department of Pavement Maintenance and Conservation, Arteris S.A., São Paulo, SP, Brazil

    Felipe F. Camargo

Authors
  1. Rafael V. Mota
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  2. André K. Kuchiishi
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  3. Marcia M. Takahashi
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  4. Gabriel de Souza
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  5. Felipe F. Camargo
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  6. Iuri S. Bessa
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  7. Kamilla L. Vasconcelos
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  8. Liedi L. B. Bernucci
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Contributions

The authors confirm contribution to the paper as follows: study conception and design: RM, MT, AK, KV, LB; data collection: RM, GS, MT, AK; analysis and interpretation of results: RM, GS, MT, AK, FC, IB, KV, LB; draft manuscript preparation: RM, IB. All authors reviewed the results and approved the final version of the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Iuri S. Bessa.

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Mota, R.V., Kuchiishi, A.K., Takahashi, M.M. et al. Effect of Binder Rheology and Aggregate Gradation on the Permanent Deformation of Asphalt Mixtures. Int J Civ Eng 19, 777–787 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40999-021-00614-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40999-021-00614-y

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