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Spatial distribution of avocado branch dieback and wilting (ABDW) vectored by ambrosia beetles in the Caribbean South America

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Abstract

Avocado Branch Dieback and Wilting (ABDW) was recently reported on West-Indian avocado (Persea americana var. americana) orchards in the Serrania de Perija, Colombia. This disease is caused by Bionectria pseudochroleuca and transmitted by ambrosia beetles. In this work we estimated the potential distribution of ABDW to map avocado-growing areas at risk of ABDW in Colombia and Venezuela. Disease occurrence records were obtained from pest and disease surveys undertaken during 2014–2015 period in the avocado-growing areas of the Colombian Caribbean. The correlative maximum entropy-based model (MaxEnt) algorithm was used to assess the potential distribution of ABDW in the Caribbean South America. The MaxEnt model predicted locations with potential distribution for ABDW disease in tropical dry forest biomes of Colombia and Venezuela. The largest producing avocado areas in these locations are Serrania de Perija (Colombia) and Serranía de Mérida (Venezuela). Field reports from these locations confirm the presence of avocado trees with symptoms of wilting and branch dieback in association with ambrosia beetles. Isothermality, mean diurnal range in temperature and precipitation of the wettest month were the variables with the highest contribution and importance to the spatial distribution model of ABDW disease. A potential distribution map of the ABDW disease for the Caribbean South America was proposed together with an explanatory hypothesis for disease occurrence.

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Acknowledgements

This research was supported by CORPOICA (Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria) and the Colombian Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development (MADR) under the projects: 1. Inventario de plagas y enfermedades del aguacate en la Costa Caribe (Fase 1) (Grant Number: C05174 12104430011810S3) and 2. Identificación de patógenos asociados a la marchitez del aguacate. Procesamiento de muestras de Phytophthora sp. y Raffaelea sp. para confirmación de identificación por análisis molecular (Grant Number: C06759). Turipaná Research Center and Caribia Research Center provided logistical support. AVAnalytics provided database and electronic notebooks maintenance and statistical / GIS analysis. CORPOICA changed its trade name to AGROSAVIA in mid-2018.

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  1. Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria (AGROSAVIA), Turipaná Research Center, 230558, Cereté, Córdoba, Colombia

    Oscar Burbano-Figueroa & Lorena Osorio-Almanza

  2. AVAnalytics, FLY88613, Gainesville, FL, USA

    Lorena Osorio-Almanza

  3. Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria (AGROSAVIA), Caribia Research Center, 478029, Zona Bananera, Magdalena, Colombia

    Angela Maria Arcila Cardona

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Burbano-Figueroa, O., Osorio-Almanza, L. & Cardona, A.M.A. Spatial distribution of avocado branch dieback and wilting (ABDW) vectored by ambrosia beetles in the Caribbean South America. Trop. plant pathol. 45, 363–375 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40858-020-00352-x

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