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Lower adiponectin is associated with higher anthropometry and insulin resistance but not with low cardiorespiratory fitness in adolescents

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Abstract

Purpose

The aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between adiposity, cardiometabolic risk and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) according to different groups of adiponectin concentration.

Methods

255 adolescents of both sexes, aged 11–17 years old, participated. Anthropometric and biochemical parameters such as body mass, height, abdominal circumference (AC), waist circumference (WC), fat mass, fat-free mass, total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein (HDL-c), low-density lipoprotein (LDL-c), triglycerides (TG), glucose, insulin, adiponectin, blood pressure, peak oxygen consumption (VO2peak) were measured. Body mass index (BMI), z-score BMI (BMI-z), triponderal mass index (TMI), waist-to-height ratio (WHtR), homeostasis model to assessment insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), and quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI) were calculated. Adiponectin was categorized: low adiponectin concentration (LAC  ≤ 5.18 µg/mL−1), intermediate (IAC = 5.18 and 7.63 µg/mL−1) and high (HAC ≥ 7.63 µg/ml−1).

Results

LAC showed higher BMI, BMI-z and TMI than the other groups (p < 0.05) and higher AC, WC and WHtR that the HAC (p < 0.05). IAC showed lower values of TC, LDL-c and TG, and the LAC presented the highest values of insulin, HOMA-IR and QUICKI (p < 0.05) to the IAC and HAC. HAC presented the lower VO2peak than the other groups (p < 0.01). BMI, TMI, glucose, insulin, HOMA-IR showed inverse, and QUICKI a direct and weak correlation with adiponectin (p < 0.05). No significant association was found between adiponectin and VO2peak (p > 0.05).

Conclusion

The LAC group had higher means in the anthropometric variables and the worst results related to insulin resistance and sensitivity. Thus, adiponectin may play an important role in obesity and reduced concentration may be a factor in the development of obesity-associated morbidities.

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Data availability

The datasets generated during and/or analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.

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Funding

Study was financed by Fundação Araucária-PR / SESA-PR / CNPq / MS-Decit—PPSUS. Study was financed in part by the CAPES—Finance Code 001. MCT was funded by CNPq—Postdoctoral. NL was funded by CNPq—Research Productivity.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Physical Education Department, Federal University of Paraná, Cel. Francisco H. dos Santos, Curitiba, Paraná, 81531-980, Brazil

    M. C. Tadiotto, P. R. P. Corazza, F. J. Menezes Junior, T. A. A. Tozo, M. F. A. Lopes, J. Pizzi & N. Leite

  2. Physical Education Department, State University of Maringá, Paraná, Brazil

    W. A. Lopes

  3. Physical Education Department, State University of Western Paraná, Paraná, Brazil

    L. R. Silva

  4. Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal

    J. Mota & N. Leite

Authors
  1. M. C. Tadiotto
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  2. P. R. P. Corazza
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  4. T. A. A. Tozo
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  5. M. F. A. Lopes
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Contributions

The manuscript was written by MCT and NL, as well as reviewer by TAAT, WAL, LRS, JP, JM, and NL. Concept and design: MCT, PRPC, FJMJ, MFAL, WAL, LRS, JP, and NL. Methodology: MCT, PRPC, FJMJ, MFAL, WAL, LRS, JP, and NL. Data acquisition: MCT, PRPC, MFAL, WAL, LRS, and NL. Supervision: NL; Data analysis and interpretation: MCT and NL. All approved the final version to be submitted.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to M. C. Tadiotto.

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Conflict of interest

The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interests and that they have no professional relationships that would benefit from the results of this study.

Research involving Human Participants and/or Animals

This study was performed in line with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki. Study protocol has been approved by the Ethics Committee of Research in Humans of UniDBSCO University Center (CAAE 62963916.0.0000.5223/2017).

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Parents/legal guardians and adolescents signed the terms of consent for participation in the research.

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Tadiotto, M.C., Corazza, P.R.P., Menezes Junior, F.J. et al. Lower adiponectin is associated with higher anthropometry and insulin resistance but not with low cardiorespiratory fitness in adolescents. J Endocrinol Invest 47, 307–314 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40618-023-02145-w

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