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Clinical presentation and recurrence of pituitary neuroendocrine tumors: results from a single referral center in Colombia

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Abstract

Introduction

Pituitary neuroendocrine tumors (PitNETs) represent 15–18.2% of all intracranial tumors. Their clinical presentation can range from chronic headache, visual defects, hypopituitarism to hormone excess syndromes. PitNETS are commonly classified as functioning neuroendocrine tumors (F-PitNETs) and non-functioning neuroendocrine tumors (NF-PitNETs). At the moment, new classification has emerged based on cell lineages. Almost 50% of all patients with PitNETs require surgical intervention, and about 25% of these have residual and persistent disease that may require additional management.

Subjects and methods

A retrospective cohort of medical records of patients with PitNETs, aiming to describe the incidence of recurrence of patients who received surgical treatment over a 12 month follow up period at San Jose Hospital (SJH) in Bogotá, Colombia, over an observation period of 10 years. Furthermore, clinical presentation, biochemical characteristics and immunohistochemistry, postoperative complications are detailed.

Results

Eight hundred and eighty-seven patients with pituitary tumors were included in the cohort; 83% (737/887) had a diagnosis of PitNET. Of these, 18.9% (140) received surgical management. The majority 58% (98/140) had nonfunctional-PitNETs (NF-PitNETs), followed by growth-hormone-secreting pituitary adenoma (22.1%; 33/140), adrenocorticotropic- hormone-secreting pituitary adenoma (9.3%; 13/140), and prolactinomas (9.3%; 13/140). A recurrence was found in 45.71% (64/140), subclassified as biochemical in 15.71% (22/140), controlled with medications in 20% (28/140), and remission occurred in 18.57% (26/140).

Conclusion

Clinical presentation and incidence of recurrence in patients with PitNETs in a referral center in Colombia are similar to other surgical cohorts with low cure rates and high recurrence.

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Data availability

Data of this study are available in the investigations division for University Foundation of Health Sciences and from the corresponding author.

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Acknowledgements

Thank you to the endocrinology, statistics, and pathology departments of San José Hospital in Bogotá, Colombia, which allowed us to access the information, and Odds Epidemiology for the support in the editorial process.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Endocrinology, Hospital de San José de Bogotá, University Foundation of Health Sciences, 111411, Bogotá, Colombia

    C. E. Jimenez-Canizales, W. Rojas, D. Alonso, I. Romero, S. Tabares & L. A. Veronesi Zuluaga

  2. Neuroendocrinology (MEDINE–FUCS) Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, University Foundation of Health Sciences, Bogotá, Colombia

    C. E. Jimenez-Canizales, W. Rojas, D. Alonso, I. Romero, S. Tabares & L. A. Veronesi Zuluaga

  3. Endocrinology, Diabetology and Andrology Unit, Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy

    R. Modica & A. Colao

  4. UNESCO Chair, Education for Health and Sustainable Development, Federico II University, Naples, Italy

    A. Colao

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CEJC and WR were directly involved to the conception and design of the work. CECJ, ST, DA and IR collected the data and were involved in the revision of the manuscript drafts. CEJC, WR, DA, IR, ST and LAVZ wrote the manuscript and contributed to critical review of the manuscript drafts, analysis and interpretation of data for the work with the assistance of RM and AC towards finalization. CEJC is the guarantor of the paper. We confirm that all authors read and approved the final manuscript. We further confirm that the manuscript has been read and approved by all named authors and that there are no other persons who satisfied the criteria for authorship but are not listed. We confirm that the manuscript has been submitted solely to this journal and is not published, in press, or submitted elsewhere.

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Jimenez-Canizales, C.E., Rojas, W., Alonso, D. et al. Clinical presentation and recurrence of pituitary neuroendocrine tumors: results from a single referral center in Colombia. J Endocrinol Invest 46, 2275–2286 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40618-023-02080-w

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