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The role of continuous versus fractionated physical training on muscle oxidative stress parameters and calcium-handling proteins in aged rats

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Abstract

Age-associated decline in skeletal muscle mass and strength is associated with oxidative stress and Ca2+ homeostasis disturbance. Exercise should be considered a viable modality to combat aging of skeletal muscle. This study aimed to investigate whether continuous and fractionated training could be useful tools to attenuate oxidative damage and retain calcium-handling proteins. We conducted the study using 24-month-old male Wistar rats, divided into control, continuous, and fractionated groups. Animals ran at 13 m min−1 for five consecutive days (except weekends) for 6 weeks, for a total period of 42 days. Each session comprised 45 min of exercise, either continuous or divided into three daily sessions of 15 min each. Metabolic and oxidative stress markers, protein levels of mitochondrial transcription factors, and calcium-handling proteins were analyzed. Continuous exercise resulted in reduced ROS production as well as showed a decrease in TBARS levels and carbonyl content. On the other hand, fractionated training increased the antioxidant enzyme activities. The ryanodine receptor and phospholamban protein were regulated by continuous training while sodium calcium exchange protein was increased by the fractionated training. These data suggest that intracellular Ca2+ can be modulated by various training stimuli. In addition, the modulation of oxidative stress by continuous and fractionated training may play an important regulatory role in the muscular contraction mechanism of aged rats, due to changes in calcium metabolism.

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Acknowledgments

This research was supported by grants from the Fundo de Apoio a Manutenção e Desenvolvimento da Educação Superior (FUMDES), Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense (UNESC/Brazil), FAPESC/SC/Brazil, CAPES/MEC/Brazil and CNPq/MCTI/Brazil.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratory of Exercise Biochemistry and Physiology, Graduate Program in Health Sciences, Health Sciences Unit, Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense, Av. Universitária, 1105 Bairro Universitário, Criciúma, SC, 88806-000, Brazil

    Camila B. Tromm, Bruna G. Pozzi, Carla S. Paganini, Scherolin O. Marques, Giulia S. Pedroso, Priscila S. Souza, Paulo C. L. Silveira, Luciano A. Silva, Claudio T. De Souza & Ricardo A. Pinho

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  1. Camila B. Tromm
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  2. Bruna G. Pozzi
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  3. Carla S. Paganini
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  5. Giulia S. Pedroso
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  6. Priscila S. Souza
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  7. Paulo C. L. Silveira
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  8. Luciano A. Silva
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  9. Claudio T. De Souza
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  10. Ricardo A. Pinho
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Correspondence to Ricardo A. Pinho.

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The study was performed in compliance with the ethical standards of Universidade do Extremo Sul Catarinense.

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Tromm, C.B., Pozzi, B.G., Paganini, C.S. et al. The role of continuous versus fractionated physical training on muscle oxidative stress parameters and calcium-handling proteins in aged rats. Aging Clin Exp Res 28, 833–841 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40520-015-0501-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40520-015-0501-6

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