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Flood Frequency Analysis for Menace Gauging Station of Mahanadi River, India

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Abstract

Estimation of flood magnitude is based on probability of flood events. Most widespread method utilized to estimate intensity of flood magnitude is Flood Frequency Analysis. Four statistical techniques namely Generalized Extreme Value (GEV), Log Pearson III (LP-III), Gumbel Max, and Normal distribution are evaluated in present study for measuring severity of flood. To estimate return period of flood, four gauging stations of River Mahanadi that is Jondhra, Rampur, Basantpur and Sundargarh are deemed for this work. Investigation is done for 10-, 20-, 30-, 40-, 50-, 60-, 70-, 75-, 100- and 150-year return period considering 30 years peak discharge from 1986 to 2016. Peak discharges are worked out from daily discharge data at corresponding gauging stations with different return period ranging from 10 to 150 years and a comparison has been made for finding best fit model. Kolmogorov–Smirnov (K–S), Anderson–Darling (A–D), and Chi-squared (C-S) goodness-of-fit test are used at 5% significance level. Outcomes signify that LP-III and GEV are best fitted distribution ranked as 1st and 2nd, whereas Gumbel Max and Normal distribution are observed to be least fitted in 3rd and 4th order, respectively. Here, sensitivity analysis is considered representing an indication of flood warning. For all stations, it is observed that a particular distribution cannot be indicated as best-fit distribution. Significance of current study lies in its potential for predicting discharge based on return period after finding an appropriate distribution for sites under study.

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  1. Department of Civil Engineering, NIT Silchar, Silchar, Assam, 788010, India

    Abinash Sahoo & Dillip K. Ghose

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  1. Abinash Sahoo
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  2. Dillip K. Ghose
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Correspondence to Dillip K. Ghose.

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Sahoo, A., Ghose, D.K. Flood Frequency Analysis for Menace Gauging Station of Mahanadi River, India. J. Inst. Eng. India Ser. A 102, 737–748 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40030-021-00544-x

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40030-021-00544-x

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