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Development of Antimicrobial Films Based on Aloe vera and Fabricated AgNPs Using Propolis...

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Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, India Section B: Biological Sciences Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Antimicrobial edible coatings and films have gained more interests because of their numerous applications in different areas, especially in food packaging. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were synthesized using propolis hydro-alcoholic extract and microwave heating, and were conjugated to Aloe vera gel. Effects of different drying temperatures (40–60 °C) and different amounts of glycerol (0–5% V/V) on drying rate of the provided coatings were evaluated. Results indicated that by increasing temperature in preparation of all three edible film containing 0, 2 and 5% V/V glycerol, drying rate significantly (p < 0.05) increased and maximum drying rate, 0.177 (% of removed water/min), was achieved at 60 °C for that containing 5% V/V glycerol. However, drying rates for the provided films with 2% V/V glycerol and without that were 0.134 and 0.137 (% of removed water/min), respectively. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis indicated that prepared coating containing 2% V/V glycerol was clear and smooth. However, cracks and shrinkages were observed in the SEM images of the prepared edible film containing without glycerol and that was contained 5% V/V glycerol, respectively. Antimicrobial activity of the developed edible coating based on Aloe vera gel, AgNPs and glycerol (2%) against seven pathogenic strains, namely Staphylococcus aureus, Listeria monocytogenes, Escherichia coli, Salmonella enterica, Pseudomonas Aeruginosa, Candida albicans and Penicillium aculeatum indicated that the provided coating had high bactericidal and fungicidal activities. However, this effect was higher on Ca. albicans and P. Aeruginosa.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank the Food Engineering Research Institute of the Sahand University of Technology for material and financial supports.

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  1. Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Sahand University of Technology, Tabriz, Iran

    Azizeh Jafari, Hamideh Vaghari & Hoda Jafarizadeh-Malmiri

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  1. Azizeh Jafari
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Correspondence to Hoda Jafarizadeh-Malmiri.

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Significance’ statement Developed edible film based on Aloe vera gel fabricated AgNPs using propolis extract and glycerol against seven pathogenic strains indicated high antibacterial and antifungal activities, which using this edible film in packaging of fruits and vegetables can drastically inhibit growth of the various microorganisms on the surface of fruits and increase their shelf life. However, amount of glycerol is an important parameter in drying rate and microstructure of the formed edible film.

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Jafari, A., Vaghari, H. & Jafarizadeh-Malmiri, H. Development of Antimicrobial Films Based on Aloe vera and Fabricated AgNPs Using Propolis.... Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., India, Sect. B Biol. Sci. 91, 95–103 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40011-020-01202-1

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