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Bacterial Diversity of Fresh and Traditional Sun-Dried Bombay Duck (Harpadon nehereus) from Retail Fish Markets of West Bengal, India

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Abstract

Bacterial diversity of fresh and traditional sun-dried Bombay duck (Harpadon nehereus), an economically important aquatic species have been analyzed through 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing using Illumina’s MiSeq platform. Culture-independent analysis of DNA extracted from the fish flesh showed that fresh (F1) and traditional sun-dried (D2) Bombay duck exhibited little different bacterial diversity (Shannon alpha diversity 9.03 for F1 and 9.62 for D2), although the sample were collected from separate markets. Rhodobacter (136 OTU) and Pseudomonas (125 OTU) were the dominant bacteria. In contrast to fresh Bombay duck, the absence of phylum Chrysiogenetes and Caldithrix in a dry Bombay duck suggests that these gram-negative bacteria are sensitive to sun drying temperature. The co-occurrence of members of the Campylobacterales and Helicobacteraceae, as well as species of Clostridium, Arcobacter, Staphylococcus, and Streptococcus, indicates the possibility of cross-contamination. Our work has led us to conclude that the association of bacteria of public health significance with densely populated urban markets makes people vulnerable to microbial threats. The study recommends an effective quality assurance program for the production of safe dry fish for domestic consumption as well as for export.

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Acknowledgements

The research was funded by the Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR), New Delhi, through a Senior Research Fellowship (SRF). The authors are grateful to the Department of Fish Processing, Faculty of Fisheries Sciences, West Bengal University of Animal and Fishery Sciences (WBUAFS), Kolkata, West Bengal, for providing the laboratory and infrastructure to carry out this work.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Fish Processing Technology, College of Fisheries, Guru Angad Dev Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Ludhiana, Punjab, 141012, India

    Siddhnath

  2. Department of Fish Processing Technology, College of Fisheries, Bihar Animal Sciences University, Kishanganj, Bihar, 855107, India

    Pooja Saklani

  3. Department of Geology, Patna Science College, Patna, Bihar, 800005, India

    Hari Om

  4. Department of Fish Processing Technology, Faculty of Fishery Sciences, West Bengal University of Animal and Fishery Sciences, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700094, India

    Krushna Chandra Dora

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  1. Siddhnath
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Correspondence to Pooja Saklani.

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Siddhnath, Saklani, P., Om, H. et al. Bacterial Diversity of Fresh and Traditional Sun-Dried Bombay Duck (Harpadon nehereus) from Retail Fish Markets of West Bengal, India. Natl. Acad. Sci. Lett. (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s40009-023-01350-8

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