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Extra-pulmonary tuberculosis: a biomarker analysis

  • Clinical and Epidemiological Study
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Abstract

Introduction

Studies on biomarkers in tuberculosis are focused on pulmonary forms of this disease (PTB), and only limited information is currently available on biomarkers of extra-pulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB).

Methods

Serum samples from 24 patients with PTB, 29 patients with EPTB and 27 healthy controls were obtained, and the levels of interferon-gamma, chemokine ligand 9, mannose-binding lectin (MBL), tumor marker Ca-125 and adenosine deaminase were determined.

Results

The circulating levels of all tested biomarkers in the serum were significantly higher in PTB and EPTB patients than in controls. However, there were no significant differences in the levels of the biomarkers between patients with PTB and EPTB, with the exception of serum levels of MBL which were significantly higher in patients with EPTB than in patients with PTB (p = 0.01). In patients with EPTB, no significant differences were observed in biomarker levels among patients with or without concomitant PTB involvement. Based on MBL serum levels, ROC curve analysis showed an AUC of 0.85 for EPTB versus non-EPTB. The optimal cut-off value of MBL serum levels for EPTB versus non-EPTB was 1,000 μg/ml, with a sensitivity and specificity of 79.3 and 78.0 %, respectively.

Conclusions

Biomarkers usually present as acute phase reactants and do not enable pulmonary forms to be differentiated from more serious or extra-pulmonary forms. MBL may be an exception.

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Acknowledgments

We thank Thomas O’Boyle for his assistance with the manuscript. This collaboration was supported by the Department of Infectious Diseases of Ramon y Cajal Hospital of Madrid, Spain.

Financial statement

There was no specific financial support for this study. Parts of this dataset were generated as during routine work at the Hospital Ramon y Cajal of Madrid, Spain.

Conflict of interest

None.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Infectious Diseases Department, Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Ctra Colmenar km 9.1, 28034, Madrid, Spain

    J. Fortún, P. Martín-Dávila, A. Vallejo, A. González-García & S. Moreno

  2. Microbiology Department, Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Madrid, Spain

    E. Gómez-Mampaso & C. Cuartero

  3. Biochemistry Department, Ramon y Cajal Hospital, Madrid, Spain

    J. Rubí & E. Pallarés

Authors
  1. J. Fortún
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  2. P. Martín-Dávila
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  3. E. Gómez-Mampaso
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  4. A. Vallejo
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  5. C. Cuartero
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  6. A. González-García
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  7. J. Rubí
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  8. E. Pallarés
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  9. S. Moreno
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to J. Fortún.

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Fortún, J., Martín-Dávila, P., Gómez-Mampaso, E. et al. Extra-pulmonary tuberculosis: a biomarker analysis. Infection 42, 649–654 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s15010-014-0602-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s15010-014-0602-8

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